########################
##  THE ICQ PROTOCOL  ##
########################

Version 0.91
Last update 12 April 1998
(Minor update 11 May 1998)
Created by Magnus Ihse (d95-mih@nada.kth.se)
Copyright © 1998

The home page of this specification is
http://www.student.nada.kth.se/~d95-mih/icq/
To participate in the mailing list icq-devel, send a mail to
majordomo@tjsgroup.com, with the message body consisting only of the
line "subscribe icq-devel".

About this document
-------------------
Please note: I am in no way affiliated with Mirabilis. This is an unofficial
specification, based solely on TCP/UDP packet traces and my own guesswork. 
This means that the information in here might be (and probably _will_ be
:-)) incorrect. It also means that even _if_ some parts of this specification
_is_ correct, they may change at any moment due to the Divine Will of 
Mirabilis.

I am a computer science student at the Royal Institute of Technology in
Sweden, and this is a hobby project - something I have been doing in my 
free time (i.e., late in the nights :-)). This means that I don't have 
much time to spend on updating this document.

Recently I have received a lot of requests for this document, and many
persons have offered to help me complete and correct it. I am very thankful
for such help, and all contributions will of cource receive proper credit.
Otherwere in this document is described in more detail what you can do to
help, and how you should do it.

Legal information
-----------------
Aa far as I can tell (but I am not a laywer), the way I have extracted
this information complies with Mirabilis License agreement, which states:
"You agree not to reverse engineer, decompile or disassemble the software." 
I have not reverse engineered, decompiled or disassembled the software
(i.e. Mirabilis ICQ client) to get this information. I have only been
looking at the TCP and UDP packets send out from, and received by, my
computer.

If you are a Mirabilis employee, and you feel that this document still
violates the Licence agreement, or if you on other grounds think that
this document is dubious - please contact me as soon as possible!
(My e-mail address given at top of this document.)


Copyright
---------
This document is protected under internation copyright law. You may
not modify this document. You may, however, make an unlimited number
of copies of this document, as long as it is kept intact. You may
freely distribute this document electronically (on the Internet or 
otherwise) or on paper.

Any trademarks mentioned in this text belongs to their respective owner.

Disclaimer
----------
LICENSE AGREEMENT

This document and the information present herein is provided by Magnus Ihse
("the Author") for your personal use only. You agree to the full 
responsibility for the results of your use of this document or the information 
present herein.

By using this document or the information present herein, you accept
the terms of this license agreement.

THIS INFORMATION IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS. THE AUTHOR MAKES NO 
WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THOSE OF 
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THIS 
DOCUMENT AND THE INFORMATION PRESENT HEREIN. THE AUTHOR DOES NOT WARRANT, 
GUARANTEE OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF 
THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION PRESENT HEREIN, IN TERMS OF THE 
ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, QUALITY, VALIDITY, STABILITY, COMPLETENESS, 
CURRENTNESS, OR OTHERWISE. THE ENTIRE RISK OF USING THE INFORMATION PRESENT 
IN THIS DOCUMENT IS ASSUMED BY THE USER.

IN NO EVENT WILL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY (i) FOR ANY DIRECT, 
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS 
INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF PROGRAMS OR INFORMATION, AND THE LIKE), OR ANY OTHER 
DAMAGES ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE AVAILABILITY, USE, RELIANCE ON, OR 
INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION PRESENT HEREIN, EVEN IF 
THE AUTHOR HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND 
REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE; 
OR (ii) FOR ANY CLAIM ATTRIBUTABLE TO ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR OTHER 
INACCURACIES IN, OR DESTRUCTIVE PROPERTIES OF ANY INFORMATION.

Writing an ICQ clone
--------------------
Since the public release of this document, at least two different ICQ clones
have been created. They are at the time of writing very much under 
development, but are at least partly functioning. :-) More information can
be found on my web page, or through the icq-devel mailing list.
(For web page URL or subscription information, see top of this document.)

What needs to be done
---------------------
The worst deficiency of this document is the lack of information about 
version 3 and version 4 of the protocol. These versions are used by ICQ98
(older beta versions of ICQ98 seems to have used only version 3, the latest
version as of today seems to use both version 3 and version 4). This document
only describes version 2 of the protocol, which was used by versions up to
but not including ICQ98 (I think v1.113 was the latest version of ICQ using 
version 2 of the protocol). Note that the ICQ version numbers refer to the
Windows 95/NT version of ICQ. I think that the Mac and Java version still
uses version 2, but I haven't checked this (please correct me if I'm wrong!).

So, what's the difference between version 2 and 3/4? As far as I can tell,
the major difference is that all packets in version 3/4 has some sort of 
unique code attached to it. I think it is part of an anti-spoof scheme, but
I am not sure. I have not been able to figure out how this code is generated,
and I definitely need help on this. There are also minor changes in the 
packet format. The basic structure still seems intact, however.

That this document doesn't cover version 3 and 4 doesn't mean that it can't
be used for building an ICQ clone, however. Mirabilis servers still supports
version 2 clients (or at least they did when I last checked). There is 
reason to suspect that this might change some day, since the version 1
clients have been phased out, and are not useable any more.

Furthermore are there some fields in the packets which I just couldn't figure
out. You will find these marked "Unknown", and some typical value in the 
Content column.

Many packet types are missing from this description for sure. If Mirabilis
have used all multiples of 10 for their codes, there seem to be a lot of
them missing. :-)

There is much about the peer-to-peer communication that still is not
clear to me. (This protocol seems not to have changed in ICQ98, however.)

And finally, some of the features of ICQ have not even been addressed in this
document. This includes file transfer and chat, but also some of the new
features of ICQ98.

If you can help in filling any of these gaps, or correct the information
given here, please do not hesitate to contact me! I'd prefer if you
send an e-mail to d95-mih@nada.kth.se with subject "ICQ Update".
(Please note! Sending an empty mail with the subject "ICQ Update" does
NOT mean that I'll mail you a copy of the spec when it's updated! If
you are interested in keeping up to date with the ICQ specification, please
join the mailing list instead.)

Introduction
------------
Communication with persons online is done through a direct TCP connection
to that person. All other communication is done through UDP packets sent to
the ICQ server. All UDP packets must be acknowledged by the receiver.
Retransmission will occur in 10 seconds if a acknowledgement is not
received. After 6 unsuccessfull transmissions, a B_MESSAGE_ACK message will
be sent. The whole procedure is repeated 2 times. If there is still no
reply, the ICQ client will assume the user to be disconneced.

Before any communication between users can take place, the client must
register at the server by logging in. During the login process, the client
sends information about itself to the server, including its IP address, the
TCP port reserved for ICQ, the user's password and the user's contact list.
From now on, the client will assume itself to be 'connected', and will every
now and then send a 'keep alive' message to the server. This keep alive
message performs two functions: it makes the client sure that it still has
access to the server, and it makes the server sure that the user is still
online. By default, the client will 'connect' to the server on UDP port 4000.

Functions such as sending messages to offline users, getting information
about a user, searching for users in the ICQ Global Directory and changing
password is done by sending UDP packets to the ICQ server. These packets do
all follow a simple template, including the senders UIN, a special code
indicating which function the server should perform, and optional
parameters.

When a user sends a message/URL/etc to another user that is currently
connected, the ICQ client will establish a TCP connection directly to that
user, and send the message using a format similar (but not identical) to the
format used by the UDP packet messaging. After the message has been sent,
the TCP connection is not closed, but instead kept open and used for future
messages to that user. The connection is closed when either of the two users
disconnect from their ICQ connection.

Please note that throughout this document, all numbers are in hexadecimal
unless stated otherwise. Integers consisting of more than one byte is stored
with the least significant byte first, and the most significant byte last
(as is usual on the PC/Intel architecture). All text strings etc are
preceded by a two byte long LENGTH field, indicating the length of the
string. All strings are also NULL terminated, i.e. followed by the byte with
the value 00. When reading packets, either information may be used to
determine the length of the string, but when sending both must be present.
All strings are coded as usual MS Windows texts, i.e. in ISO Latin-1
charset, and lines terminated by CR/LF. (Not all strings may contain line
breaks. This should be clear from context.)



         COMMUNICATION BETWEEN SERVER AND CLIENT USING UDP
         =================================================


The UDP packet sent from the client to the server has the following general
layout:

 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  02 00                 VERSION          Identifies the packet as an ICQ packet
 2 bytes  xx xx                 COMMAND          Code for service the server should provide
 2 bytes  xx xx                 SEQ_NUM          Sequence number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           UIN              The senders UIN
 variable                       PARAMETERS       0 or more parameters (depending on COMMAND)

The UDP packet sent from the server to the client has the following general
layout:

 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  02 00                 VERSION          Identifies the packet as an ICQ packet
 2 bytes  xx xx                 COMMAND          Code for service the server should provide
 2 bytes  xx xx                 SEQ_NUM          Sequence number
 variable                       PARAMETERS       0 or more parameters (depending on COMMAND)

The VERSION field is present on all ICQ packets, and identifies the packet
as a ICQ message. The SEQ_NUM contains a sequence number for the packet. All
packets must have a unique sequence number (unless it is a retransmission).
This is used to avoid confusion if a UDP packet is lost or duplicated (as
may happen). Normally, the SEQ_NUM of the current packet is <the SEQ_NUM of
the previous packet> + 1. Note that the server and the client has separate
numbering, so that SEQ_NUM = 3 of a packet sent from the server is different
from SEQ_NUM = 3 of a packet sent from the client. Note also that the server
start counting on 00 00, and the client start counting on 01 00.

The following commands are available for the client to send to the server:

 Code        Name             Description
 ----        ----             -----------
 0A 00       ACK              Acknowledgement
 0E 01       SEND_MESSAGE     Send message through server (to offline user)
 E8 03       LOGIN            Login on server
 06 04       CONTACT_LIST     Inform the server of my contact list
 1A 04       SEARCH_UIN       Search for user using his/her UIN
 24 04       SEARCH_USER      Search for user using his/her name or e-mail
 2E 04       KEEP_ALIVE       Sent to indicate connection is still up
 38 04       SEND_TEXT_CODE   Send special message to server as text
 4C 04       LOGIN_1          Sent during login
 60 04       INFO_REQ         Request basic information about a user
 6A 04       EXT_INFO_REQ     Request extended information about a user
 9C 04       CHANGE_PASSWORD  Change the user's password
 D8 04       STATUS_CHANGE    User has changed online status (Away etc)
 28 05       LOGIN_2          Sent during login

Not yet described in detail (v0.1 of this document)
 0A 05       UPDATE_INFO      Update my basic information
 B0 04       UPDATE_EXT_INFO  Update my extended information
 3C 05       ADD_TO_LIST      Add user to my contact list
 56 04       REQ_ADD_TO_LIST  Request authorization to add to contact list
 BA 04       QUERY_SERVERS    Query the server about address to other servers
 C4 04       QUERY_ADDONS     Query the server about globally defined add-ons
 EC 04       NEW_USER_1       Ask for permission to add a new user
 FC 03       NEW_USER_REG     Register a new user
 A6 04       NEW_USER_INFO    Send basic information about a new user
 42 04       CMD_X1           *Unknown
 56 04       MSG_TO_NEW_USER  Send a message to a user not on my contact list
 (this one is also used to request permission to add someone with 'authorize'
 status to your contact list)

The following commands can be sent from the server to the client, either as
a response to a client command, or to notify the client of some event.

 Code        Name             Description
 ----        ----             -----------
 0A 00       ACK              Acknowledgement
 5A 00       LOGIN_REPLY      Login reply
 6E 00       USER_ONLINE      User on contact list is online/has changed online status
 78 00       USER_OFFLINE     User on contact list has gone offline
 8C 00       USER_FOUND       User record found matching search criteria
 DC 00       RECEIVE_MESSAGE  Message sent while offline/through server
 A0 00       END_OF_SEARCH    No more USER_FOUND will be sent
 18 01       INFO_REPLY       Return basic information about a user
 22 01       EXT_INFO_REPLY   Return extended information about a user
 A4 01       STATUS_UPDATE    User on contact list has changed online status (Away etc)

Not yet described in detail (v0.1 of this document)
 1C 02       REPLY_X1         *Unknown (returned during login)
 E6 00       REPLY_X2         *Unknown (confirm my UIN?)
 E0 01       UPDATE_REPLY     Confirmation of basic information update
 C8 00       UPDATE_EXT_REPLY Confirmation of extended information update
 46 00       NEW_USER_UIN     Confirmation of creation of new user and newly assigned UIN
 B4 00       NEW_USER_REPLY   Confirmation of new user basic information
 82 00       QUERY_REPLY      Response to QUERY_SEVERS or QUERY_ADDONS
 C2 01       SYSTEM_MESSAGE   System message with URL'ed button

The UDP messages will now be examined in closer detail.



         MESSAGES SENT BY THE CLIENT
         ===========================


ACK (0A 00)  Acknowledgement
---

Parameters: None

NOTE! Unlike all other commands, in ACK the field SEQ_NUM contains the
sequence number of the *server's* packet the client wishes to acknowledge.
Note further that an ACK should *not* be acknowledged!


SEND_MESSAGE (0E 01)  Send message through server (to offline user)
------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           RECEIVER_UIN     UIN of the user the message is sent to
 2 bytes  (see below)           MESSAGE_TYPE     Type of message being sent
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of MESSAGE including NULL
 variable                       MESSAGE          The message, ended by a NULL (00)

MESSAGE_TYPE can be one of the following:
 01 00 - the message is a normal message
 04 00 - the message is an URL, and actually consists of two parts,
 separated by the code FE.
The first part is the description of the URL, and the second part is the
actual URL.


LOGIN (E8 03)  Login on server
-----

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           PORT             The TCP port to use for incoming connections
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of PASSWORD including NULL
 variable                       PASSWORD         The user's password + NULL (max 8 chars)
 4 bytes  78 00 00 00           X1               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           USER_IP          The user's IP address
 1 byte   04                    X2               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           STATUS           Users online status (normally 00 00 00 00)
 4 bytes  02 00 00 00           X3               *Unknown
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LOGIN_SEQ_NUM    Login sequence number
 4 bytes  00 00 00 00           X4               *Unknown
 4 bytes  08 00 78 00           X5               *Unknown


CONTACT_LIST (06 04)  Inform the server of my contact list
------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 NUM_CONTACTS     Number of contacts following
{4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           UIN              UIN of user on contact list }
The last field is repeated for as many users as NUM_CONTACTS indicate.

The server will send online/offline notification to client only of users
registered using CONTACT_LIST.


SEARCH_UIN (1A 04)  Search for user using his/her UIN
----------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 SEARCH_SEQ_NUM   Search sequence number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           SEARCHED_UIN     The UIN to search for

The SEARCH_SEQ_NUM should be a unique number, to distinguish from other
searches. The reply from the server will contain the SEARCH_SEQ_NUM of the
search, to facitilate matching query and answer.


SEARCH_USER (24 04)  Search for user using his/her name or e-mail
-----------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 SEARCH_SEQ_NUM   Search sequence number
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of NICK_NAME including NULL
 variable                       NICK_NAME        Nick name to search for, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of FIRST_NAME including NULL
 variable                       FIRST_NAME       First name to search for, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of LAST_NAME including NULL
 variable                       LAST_NAME        Nick name to search for, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of E_MAIL including NULL
 variable                       E_MAIL           E-mail to search for, NULL terminated

Note that search fields (NICK_NAME, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, E_MAIL) may be
empty, but not all at the same time, i.e. at least one field must contain
data. Note also that you may only search either on E_MAIL (in which the
other fields must be empty), or on name (in which E_MAIL must be empty, and
one or more of the other fields must contain data).


KEEP_ALIVE (2E 04)  Sent to indicate connection is still up
----------

Parameters: None

This command should be sent at regular intervals (normally every 2 minutes,
or 120 seconds) from the client to the server.


SEND_TEXT_CODE (38 04)  Send special message to server as text
--------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of TEXT_CODE including NULL
 variable                       TEXT_CODE        Message to send to server, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 X1               *Unknown (code, usually 04 00 or 05 00)

The TEXT_CODE can contain for instance:
 "B_USER_DISCONNECTED" (in which case the X1 field should containt 05 00) if
  the user has disconnected.
 "B_MESSAGE_ACK" (in which case the X1 field should containt 05 00) if the
  client has problem connecting to the server. This is a request for the
  server to answer immediately to the client.


LOGIN_1 (4C 04)  Sent during login
-------

Parameters: None

This is sent during login. The exact purpose of this command is *Unknown.


INFO_REQ (60 04)  Request basic information about a user
--------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 INFO_SEQ_NUM     Information sequential number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           QUERY_UIN        UIN of user to request information about

The server will respond with a INFO_REPLY, with the same INFO_SEQ_NUM.


EXT_INFO_REQ (6A 04)  Request extended information about a user
------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 INFO_SEQ_NUM     Information sequential number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           QUERY_UIN        UIN of user to request information about

The server will respond with a EXT_INFO_REPLY, with the same INFO_SEQ_NUM.


CHANGE_PASSWORD (9C 04)  Change the user's password
---------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 PASSWORD_SEQ_NUM Password changing sequential number
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of NEW_PASSWORD including NULL
 variable                       NEW_PASSWORD     The new password, NULL terminated (max 8 chars)


STATUS_CHANGE (D8 04)  User has changed online status (Away etc)
-------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  (see below)           STATUS           User's online status (Away etc)

The STATUS may take four different values:
 00 00 00 00 = Online/connected
 01 00 00 00 = Away
 11 00 00 00 = Do Not Disturb (DND)
 00 01 00 00 = Invisible


LOGIN_2 (28 05)  Sent during login
-------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 1 byte   00                    X1               *Unknown



         MESSAGES SENT BY THE SERVER
         ===========================


ACK (0A 00)  Acknowledgement
---

Parameters: None

NOTE! Unlike all other commands, in ACK the field SEQ_NUM contains the
sequence number of the *client's* packet the server acknowledges. Note
further that an ACK should *not* be acknowledged!


LOGIN_REPLY (5A 00)  Login reply
-----------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           USER_UIN         The user's UIN
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           USER_IP          The user's IP address
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LOGIN_SEQ_NUM    Login sequence number
 4 bytes  01 00 01 00           X1               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx 00 16 00           X2               *Unknown (xx=19 or 18)
 4 bytes  8C 00 00 00           X3               *Unknown
 4 bytes  78 00 05 00           X4               *Unknown
 6 bytes  0A 00 05 00 01 00     X5               *Unknown

This is sent from the server upon receipt of a LOGIN. The LOGIN_SEQ_NUM is
the same as in the corresponding LOGIN.


USER_ONLINE (6E 00)  User on contact list is online/has changed online status
-----------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_UIN       The UIN of the user who has logged in
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_IP        The IP address of the user
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_PORT      The TCP port of the user
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_REAL_IP   The actual IP address of the user
 1 byte   04                    X1               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           STATUS           New status of the user
 4 bytes  02 00 00 00           X2               *Unkown

The REMOTE_IP is the "outer" IP address of the remote user, the
REMOTE_REAL_IP is the "inner" IP address. These two will be identical unless
the remote user is behind a firewall. The REMOTE_IP is the "official" IP
address, as shown e.g. by the Info box in the client. The REMOTE_PORT is the
TCP port number to use when the client wishes to open a direct connection
to the remote user.


USER_OFFLINE (78 00)  User on contact list has gone offline
------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_UIN       The UIN of the user who has logged out


USER_FOUND (8C 00)  User record found matching search criteria
----------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 SEARCH_SEQ_NUM   Search sequence number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           FOUND_UIN        Found user's UIN
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of NICK_NAME including NULL
 variable                       NICK_NAME        Found user's nick name, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of FIRST_NAME including NULL
 variable                       FIRST_NAME       Found user's first name, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of LAST_NAME including NULL
 variable                       LAST_NAME        Found user's last name, NULL terminated
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of E_MAIL including NULL
 variable                       E_MAIL           Found user's e-mail, NULL terminated
 1 byte   xx                    AUTHORIZE        User's authorization status

For each user found matching the criterion, a USER_FOUND will be returned.
When all USER_FOUND's have been sent, the server will send an END_OF_SEARCH.
If no users where found matching the criterion, an END_OF_SEARCH will be
sent immediately, and no USER_FOUND will be sent. The AUTHORIZE determine
wether the user allow anyone to include him/her on their contact list, or
wether the user must accept first. Possible values of AUTHORIZE:
 00 = The user must authorize the client to include him/her on the client's
 contact list
 01 = The user allows anyone to include him/her on their contact list


RECEIVE_MESSAGE (DC 00)  Message sent while offline/through server
---------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_UIN       The sending user's UIN
 2 bytes  xx xx                 YEAR             The year the message was sent
 1 byte   xx                    MONTH            The month the message was sent
 1 byte   xx                    DAY              The day of the month the message was sent
 1 byte   xx                    HOUR             The hour the message was sent in GMT
 1 byte   xx                    MINUTE           The minute the message was sent
 2 bytes  xx xx                 TYPE             The type of message (message, URL, etc)
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of MESSAGE including NULL
 variable                       MESSAGE          The message sent, NULL terminated

Note that the HOUR contains the local time - 1 (unless GMT is involved
somehow?). The TYPE identifies the type of message this is:
 01 00 = Normal message
 04 00 = URL (MESSAGE contains first the description, then a FE, and then
 the actual URL)
 0C 00 = 'You were added' message. (MESSAGE contains: <nick name> FE <first
 name> FE <last name> FE <e-mail> FE <ASCII authorize>. The <ASCII
 authorize> is '1' (31) if the user allows anyone to add him/her to their
 contact list, and '0' (30) otherwise.)


END_OF_SEARCH (A0 00)  No more USER_FOUND will be sent
-------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 SEARCH_SEQ_NUM   Search sequence number
 1 byte   xx                    MORE_FOUND       More users found but not displayed?

If MORE_FOUND is 00, then the returned USER_FOUND's contain information
about all matching users. If MORE_FOUND is 01 however, then the server has
found more users matching, but will not display more matches. The limit is
drawn by 40 users. If a search request results in more than 40 matches,
only the 40 first will be sent to the client, and MORE_FOUND will be set to
01.


INFO_REPLY (18 01)  Return basic information about a user
----------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 INFO_SEQ_NUM     Information sequence number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_UIN       The remote user's UIN
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of NICK_NAME including NULL
 variable                       NICK_NAME        The remote user's nick name
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of FIRST_NAME including NULL
 variable                       FIRST_NAME       The remote user's first name
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of LAST_NAME including NULL
 variable                       LAST_NAME        The remote user's last name
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of E_MAIL including NULL
 variable                       E_MAIL           The remote user's e-mail
 1 byte   xx                    AUTHORIZE        User's authorization status

Note that the parameters are identical to command USER_FOUND (8C 00). For
more information about the fields, see USER_FOUND.

EXT_INFO_REPLY (22 01)  Return extended information about a user
--------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 INFO_SEQ_NUM     Information sequence number
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_UIN       The remote user's UIN
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of CITY including NULL
 variable                       CITY             The remote user's city
 2 bytes  xx xx                 COUNTRY_CODE     The remote user's country code
 1 byte   xx                    COUNTRY_STATUS   Indicates if COUNTRY_CODE is entered or not
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of STATE including NULL
 variable                       STATE            The remote user's state (USA only)
 2 bytes  xx xx                 AGE              The remote user's age
 1 byte   xx                    SEX              The remote user's sex
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of PHONE including NULL
 variable                       PHONE            The remote user's city
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of HOME_PAGE including NULL
 variable                       HOME_PAGE        The remote user's city
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Lenght of ABOUT including NULL
 variable                       ABOUT            The remote user's city

The code used in COUNTRY_CODE is the international telephone prefix, e.g.
01 00 (1) for the USA, 2C 00 (44) for the UK, 2E 00 (46) for Sweden, etc.
COUNTRY_STATUS is normally FE, unless the remote user has not entered a
country, in which casse COUNTRY_CODE will be FF FF, and COUNTRY_STATUS will
be 9C. The field AGE has the value FF FF if the user has not entered his/her
age. The field SEX has three (!) possible values:
 00 = Not specified
 01 = Female
 02 = Male
The ABOUT field is an optional free form field that allows the user to make
a personal presentation of himself/herself.


STATUS_UPDATE (A4 01)  User on contact list has changed online status (Away etc)
-------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           REMOTE_UIN       UIN of the user whos status has changed
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           STATUS           The new online status of the user

The online status in STATUS is the same as used in STATUS_CHANGE (D8 04).
See STATUS_CHANGE for details.



         COMMUNICATION BETWEEN TWO CLIENTS USING TCP (Peer to peer mode)
         ===============================================================

When a user wishes to send a message, an URL etc, to another user (called
the "remote" user as opposite to the "local" user), the local user first
checks to see if a TCP connection already is established to that user. If
so is the case, then that connection will be used. If not, the user checks
the remote users IP address and port number (information sent to the user
from the server when the remote user logged in), and makes a connection to
that address. Typical port numbers are in the range 1200-1300 (decimal).
When a new connection is formed, a CHANNEL_INIT message must be sent. From
there on, however, every time the user wishes to send a message, a
CHANNEL_MESSAGE is sent. All messages sent must be acknowledged by the other
side, using CHANNEL_ACK. Furthermore, all messages is replied to by another
message from the receiver - which most often is empty, unless the user has
posted a Away/DND message, in case this will be sent as a reply.

The TCP communication is similar to the UDP communication, in that all
communication is done trough separate packets (often, but now always
associated with individual TCP packets). Each packet must contain the
packet's length (excluding the length count) as the first two bytes. Most
messages contains the senders UIN as the next field.

CHANNEL_INIT  Initiate inter-user communication using TCP
------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  1A 00                 LENGTH           Length of this packet
 1 byte   FF                    INIT_IDENT       Identifies this packet as an initiation
 4 bytes  02 00 00 00           X1               *Unknown
 4 bytes  00 00 00 00           X2               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           MY_UIN           The local user's UIN
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           MY_IP            The user's IP address
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           MY_IP_REAL       The user's actual IP address
 1 byte   04                    X3               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           MY_PORT          The user's TCP port for incoming messages

Note that the port used for the "outgoing" connection is different from
MY_PORT, the port other clients use to connect to this client. For the
difference between MY_IP and MY_IP_REAL, see USER_ONLINE.

CHANNEL_MESSAGE  Send message to online user
------------

Parameters:
 Length   Content (if fixed)    Name             Description
 ------   ------------------    ----             -----------
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of this packet
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           UIN              The local user's UIN
 2 bytes  02 00                 VERSION          Identifies this as a ICQ packet
 2 bytes  EE 07                 MSG_COMMAND      The message type for CHANNEL_MESSAGE
 2 bytes  00 00                 X1               *Unknown
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           UIN_2            The local user's UIN
 2 bytes  xx xx                 TYPE             Message type
 2 bytes  xx xx                 LENGTH           Length of MESSAGE including NULL
 variable                       MESSAGE          The message to be sent, NULL terminated
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           MY_IP_REAL       The user's actual IP address
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           MY_IP            The user's IP address
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           PORT             The user's TCP port for incoming messages
 1 byte   04                    X2               *Unknown
 2 bytes  00 00                 X3               *Unknown
 2 bytes  xx xx                 CMD_TYPE         Identifies message as new message or reply
 4 bytes  xx xx xx xx           X4               *Unknown (checksum? sequence number?)

The TYPE is the same as described in RECEIVE_MESSAGE. The difference between
MY_IP and MY_IP_REAL is described in USER_ONLINE. The CMD_TYPE can have two
possible values:
 10 00 = This is a new ('real', user initiated) message
 00 00 = This is an auto reply
The auto reply is sent as an acknowledgement to all 'real' messages. They
usually contains an empty message, but if the remote user is 'Away' or in
DND mode, the reply will contain the Away/DND message. The X4 field is a
bit tricky. It is always between 00 FF FF FF and FF FF FF FF, but the exact
function of the field is unknown.
