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Crataegus L., 1753
Orapihlajat Hawthorns
Crataegus L., 1753; Sp. Pl.: 475 (part.), TS: Crataegus oxyacantha L.
Lazarolus Medicus, 1789
Oxyacantha Medicus, 1789
Azarolus Borkh., 1803
Anthomeles Roemer, 1847
Halmia Roemer, 1847
Crataegus; [GFP1: 212 (about 1000 spp.)]
Crataegus, Biota of North America Program (query database) [BONAP]
Crataegus, Den Virtuella Floran [DVF]

Foodplants for Acleris cristana, A. rhombana, A. umbrana, A. variegana, Acrobasis indigenella, Acronicta alni, A. auricoma, A. psi, A. rumicis, Agrochola macilenta, Agrotis ipsilon, Alsophila aescularia, Apocheima strigataria, Argyresthia bonnetella, A. semifusca, Biston betularius, Carcina quercana, Ceratomia undulosa, Chlorissa (geometra) viridata, C. (geometra) viridata, Choreutis pariana, Cilix glaucata, Coleophora adjectella, C. anatipenella, C. coracipennella, C. hemerobiella, C. potentillae, C. siccifolia, C. spinella, C. trigeminella, C. violacea, Colocasia coryli, Cosmia (noctua) trapezina, Croesia holmiana, Eriogaster catax, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, E. similis, Eupsilia transversa, Gastropacha quercifolia, Habrosyne pyritoides, Hemaris thysbe, Hemithea (geometra) aestivaria, Herminia grisealis, Leptotes pirithous, Limenitis arthemis, L. arthemis astyanax, Lymantria dispar, L. lapidicola, Malacosoma parallellum, Neurotoma iridescens, N. saltuum, Noctua janthina, Nymphalis polychloros erythromelas, Odonestis pruni, Operophtera (geometra) brumata, Orgyia vetusta, Pamphilius sylvaticus, Paonias excaecata, Papilio canadensis, P. glaucus glaucus, Paraswammerdamia lutarea, Pseudexentera maracana, Ptilodon capucinus, Saturnia spini, Satyrium liparops, Scythropia crataegella, Semioscopis steinkellneriana, Speranza coortaria, Stigmella crataegella, S. hybnerella, S. oxyacanthella, S. perpygmaeella, Swammerdamia compunctella, S. pyrella, Synanthedon myopaeformis, Thalera fimbrialis, Thecla betulae, Trachycera advenella, Trichiosoma tibiale, Trichiura crataegi, Trichosea ludifica, Yponomeuta padellus, Ypsolopha asperella, Y. scabrella

fiCrataegus grayana Eggleston
Aitaorapihlaja Amerikkalainen orapihlaja? Häckhagtorn
Crataegus coccinea auct.
Crategus intricata auct.
Crataegus flabellata Sarg.; (not Mespilus flabellata Bosc)
Crataegus grayana ; [RK, 269]; [GMBOT, 471]
?Crataegus coccineus ; [SK, 356]

Foodplant as Crataegus coccinea for Acronicta psi, A. rumicis, Arctia caja, Lycia hirtaria, Orgyia antiqua

fiCrataegus sanguinea Pallas
Siperianorapihlaja Siperialainen orapihlaja Sibirisk hagtorn
Crataegus sanguinea ; [RK, 269]
Crataegus sanguineus ; [SK, 356]

Foodplant for Thecla betulae betulae

Crataegus laevigata (Poiret) DC.
Pyöröliuskaorapihlaja Leveäliuskainen orapihlaja? Midland Hawthorn English Hawthorn
Crataegus oxyacantha L.
Cratægus oxyacantha, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
 ?Crataegus oxyacantha ; [SK, 356]; [GMBOT, 462]

Foodplant for Stigmella oxyacanthella

Foodplant as Crataegus oxyacantha for Acronicta psi, Allophyes (noctua) oxyacanthae, Aporia crataegi, Ceramica pisi, Erannis defoliaria, Iphiclides feisthamelii, Opisthograptis luteolata, Trachycera suavella

fiCrataegus rhipidophylla Gand.
Suippoliuskaorapihlaja Spetshagtorn
Crataegus curvisepala Lindman
Crataegus calycina auct.
Crataegus rhipidophylla ; [RK, 269]
fiC. r. rhipidophylla
Crataegus calycina curvisepala (Lidnm.); Franco
Crataegus rhipidophylla rhipidophylla ; [RK, 269]
fiC. r. lindmanii (Hrabetová) K. I. Chr.
Crataegus calycina calycina
Crataegus rhipidophylla lindmanii ; [RK, 269]
?Crataegus monogynus calycinus ; [SK, 357]
fiCrataegus monogyna Jacq.
Hawthorn Tylppäliuskaorapihlaja Yksieminen orapihlaja? Trubbhagtorn
Crataegus monogyna ; [RK, 269]
?Crataegus monogynus ; [SK, 356]
?Crataegus monogynus monogynys ; [SK, 357]

Foodplant for Aporia crataegi, A. crataegi mauretanica, Catocala fulminea, Eriogaster lanestris, Nola cucullatella, Nymphalis polychloros erythromelas, Stigmella oxyacanthella, Trachycera suavella

C. m. nordica Franco
fiCrataegus monogyna × rhipidophylla
Crataegus monogyna × rhipidophylla ; [RK, 269]

The NA species-group

The following are from [GMBOT], presented mostly as is.


The crus-galli Loud. species-group
Crataegus crus-galli L.
Quebec - Ontario, Minnesota - NA.Georgia, Kansas - E.Texas. See [About maps] Cock's-spur Thorn
Crataegus Crus-galli ; [GMBOT, 462]
Crataegus crus-galli ; [IBT, 272]
Crataegus crus-galli × macracantha Eggleston
Crataegus persimilis Sarg.
Crataegus prunifolia p.p.
Crataegus crus-galli × macracantha ; [GMBOT, 462]
Crataegus pratensis Sarg.
Crataegus palmeri Sarg.
Crataegus grandis Ashe
Crataegus pratensis ; [GMBOT, 463]
Crataegus canbyi Sarg.
Crataegus pennypackeri Sarg.
Crataegus Canbyi ; [GMBOT, 463]
Crataegus fecunda Sarg.
Crataegus fecunda ; [GMBOT, 463]
Crataegus berberifolia T. & G.
Crataegus berberifolia ; [GMBOT, 463]
C. b. var. engelmanni (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus berberifolia var. engelmanni ; [GMBOT, 463]

The funcatae Loud species-group
Crataegus pausiaca Ashe.
?Crataegus crus-galli × punctata
Crataegus pausiaca ; [GMBOT, 463]
Crataegus punctata Jacq.
from (Quebec - Ontario) - to (North Carolina, Kentucky). See [About maps] Dotted Hawthorn Large-fruited Hawthorn
Crataegus punctata ; [GMBOT, 463]
Crataegus puncata ; [IBT, 272]
C. p. var. canescens Britton
Crataegus punctata var. canescens ; [GMBOT, 464 (note)]
Crataegus suborbiculata Sarg.
Crataegus suborbiculata ; [GMBOT, 464]
Crataegus collina Chapm.
Crataegus collina ; [GMBOT, 464]
C. c. var. sordida (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus collina var. sordida ; [GMBOT, 464]
C. c. var. lettermani (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus collina var. lettermani ; [GMBOT, 464]

The virides Beadle species-group
Crataegus margaretta Ashe
Crataegus brownii Britton?
Crataegus Margaretta ; [GMBOT, 464]
Crataegus viridis L.
Crataegus viridis ; [GMBOT, 465]
Crataegus nitida (Engelm.) Sarg.
Crataegus nitida ; [GMBOT, 465]

The intricatae Sarg. species-group
boyntonianae Beadle
biltmoreanae Beadle
Crataegus boyntoni Beadle
Crataegus Boyntoni ; [GMBOT, 465]
Crataegus foetida Ashe
Crataegus baxteri Sarg.
Crataegus foetida ; [GMBOT, 465]
Crataegus apposita Sarg.
Crataegus coccinea var. viridis T. & G.; (in part.)
Crataegus coccinea Britton not L.
Crataegus intrigata Sarg. not J. Lange
Crataegus apposita ; [GMBOT, 466]

Foodplant as Crataegus coccinea for Acronicta psi, A. rumicis, Arctia caja, Lycia hirtaria, Orgyia antiqua

C. a. var. bissellii (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus apposita var. bissellii ; [GMBOT, 466]
Crataegus coccinea L.
Crataegus coccinea var. viridis T. & G.; (in part.)
Crataegus intrigata J. Lange
Crataegus modesta Sarg.
Crataegus premora Ashe
Crataegus coccinea ; [GMBOT, 466]

Foodplant for Acronicta psi, A. rumicis, Arctia caja, Lycia hirtaria, Orgyia antiqua

Crataegus biltmoreana Beadle
Crataegus biltmoreana ; [GMBOT, 466]
Crataegus stonei Sarg.
Crataegus peckii Sarg.
Crataegus Stonei ; [GMBOT, 466]

The flavae Loud. species-group
euflavae Beadle
Crataegus aprica Beadle
Crataegus aprica ; [GMBOT, 466]
Crataegus flava Ait.
Crataegus flava ; [GMBOT, 466]

The parvifoliae Loud. species-group
uniflorae Beadle
Crataegus tomentosa L.
Crataegus uniflora Muench.
Crataegus parviflora Ait.
Crataegus tomentosa ; [GMBOT, 467]
C. t. var. smithii (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus tomentosa var. Smithii ; [GMBOT, 467]
Crataegus vailiae Britton
Crataegus vailiae ; [GMBOT, 467]

The rotundifoliae Eggleston species-group
coccineae Sarg.
Crataegus columbiana Howell
Crataegus columbiana ; [GMBOT, 467]
C. c. var. piperi (Britton) Eggleston
Crataegus columbiana var. piperi ; [GMBOT, 468]
C. c. var. brunetiana (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus columbiana var. Brunetiana ; [GMBOT, 468]
?Crataegus × laurentiana Sarg.
Crataegus laurentiana ; [GMBOT, 468]
Crataegus macauleyae Sarg.
Crataegus Macauleyae ; [GMBOT, 468]
Crataegus oakesiana Eggleston
Crataegus Oakesiana ; [GMBOT, 468]
Crataegus jackii Sarg.
Crataegus rotundata Sarg.
Crataegus Jackii ; [GMBOT, 468]
Crataegus irrasa Sarg.
Crataegus irrasa ; [GMBOT, 468]
C. i. var. divergens Peck
Crataegus irrasa var. divergens ; [GMBOT, 468]
Crataegus rotundifolia Moench.
Crataegus glandulosa Ait.
Crataegus coccinea var. rotundifolia Moench; , TL: Sarg.
Crataegus dodgei Ashe
Crataegus rotundifolia ; [GMBOT, 468]
C. r. var. bicknellii Eggleston
Crataegus rotundifolia var. bicknellii ; [GMBOT, 469]
C. r. var. faxoni (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus rotundifolia var. faxoni ; [GMBOT, 469]
C. r. var. chrysocarpa (Ashe) Eggleston
Crataegus rotundifolia var. chrysocarpa ; [GMBOT, 469]
Crataegus jonesae Sarg.
Crataegus Jonesae ; [GMBOT, 469]

The microcrapae Loud species-group
Crataegus spathulata Michx.
Crataegus spathulata ; [GMBOT, 469]

The apiifoliae Loud species-group
Crataegus marshallii Eggleston
Virginia, Missouri, Oklahoma - Florida, Texas. See [About maps] Parsley Hawthorn Parsley Haw
Crataegus marshallii ; [GMBOT, 470]; [IBT, 277]

The tenuifoliae Sarg. species-group
?Crataegus crudelis Sarg.
Mespilus flabellata Bosc; (not Crataegus flabellata Heldreich)
Crataegus blandita Sarg.
Crataegus crudelis ; [GMBOT, 470]
Crataegus flabellata (Bosc) K. Koch
SE.Canada, from (New England - N.Illinois, Wisconsin) - North Carolina, Tennessee. See [About maps] Fan Leaf Hawthorn
Crataegus flabellata ; [IBT, 275]
Crataegus lucorum Sarg.
Crataegus lucorum ; [GMBOT, 470]
C. l. var. insolens (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus lucorum var. insolens ; [GMBOT, 470]
Crataegus roanensis Ashe
Crataegus fluviatilis Sarg.
Crataegus ascendens Sarg.
Crataegus uber Ashe
Crataegus roanensis ; [GMBOT, 470]
Crataegus macrosperma Ashe
Crataegus macrosperma ; [GMBOT, 471]
C. m. var. pentandra (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus macrosperma var. pentandra ; [GMBOT, 471]
C. m. var. demissa (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus macrosperma var. demissa ; [GMBOT, 471]
C. m. var. pastorum (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus macrosperma var. pastorum ; [GMBOT, 471]
C. m. var. matura (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus macrosperma var. matura ; [GMBOT, 471]
C. m. var. acutiloba (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus macrosperma var. acutiloba ; [GMBOT, 471]
Crataegus alnorum Sarg.
Crataegus edsoni Sarg.
Crataegus alnorum ; [GMBOT, 471]
Crataegus populnea Ashe
Crataegus stolonifera Sarg.
Crataegus populnea ; [GBOT]

The pruinosae E. Sarg species-group
silvicolae Beadle
Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch
SE.Canada, from (Newfoundland - Michigan, Wisconsin) - North Carolina, Kentucky, Arkansas. See [About maps] Waxy-fruited Thorn
Crataegus pruinosa ; [GMBOT, 472]; [IBT, 277]
C. p. f. dissona (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus pruinosa f. dissona; [GMBOT, 472]
C. p. var. latisepala (Ashe) Eggleston
Crataegus cognata Sarg.
Crataegus pruinosa var. latisepala ; [GMBOT, 472]
C. p. var. philadelphica (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus fusca Sarg.
Crataegus pruinosa var. philadelphica ; [GMBOT, 472]
C. p. var. conjuncta (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus pruinosa var. conjuncta ; [GMBOT, 472]
C. p. var. porteri (Britton) Eggleston
Crataegus pruinosa var. Porteri ; [GMBOT, 472]
Crataegus deltoides Ashe
Crataegus deltoides ; [GMBOT, 472]
Crataegus silvicola Beadle
Crataegus silvicola ; [GMBOT, 472]
C. s. var. beckwithae (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus robbinsiana Sarg.
Crataegus sequax Ashe
Crataegus silvicola var. Beckwithae ; [GMBOT, 472]
Crataegus beata Sarg.
Crataegus beata ; [GMBOT, 472]
C. b. var. compta (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus beata var. compta ; [GMBOT, 472]
Crataegus leiophylla Sarg.
Crataegus leiophylla ; [GMBOT, 473]
C. l. var. maineana (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus leiophylla var. Maineana ; [GMBOT, 473]
Crataegus jesupi Sarg.
Crataegus Jesupi ; [GMBOT, 473]

The coccineae Loud. species-group
flabellatae Sarg.
Crataegus kelloggii Sarg.
Crataegus Kelloggii ; [GMBOT, 473]
Crataegus holmesiana Ashe
Crataegus Holmesiana ; [GMBOT, 473]
C. h. var. villipes Ashe
Crataegus tenuifolia Britton
Crataegus holmesiana var. villipes ; [GMBOT, 474]
Crataegus anomala Sarg.
Crataegus oblongifolia Sarg.
Crataegus anomala ; [GMBOT, 474]
Crataegus lanuginosa Sarg.
Crataegus lanuginosa ; [GMBOT, 474]
Crataegus pyriformis Britton
Crataegus dispessa Ashe
Crataegus pyriformis ; [GMBOT, 474]
Crataegus coccinioides Ashe
Crataegus eggertii Britton
Crataegus coccinioides ; [GMBOT, 474]
C. c. var. dilata (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus speciosa Sarg.
Crataegus coccinioides var. dilata ; [GMBOT, 475]
Crataegus pringlei Sarg.
Crataegus Pringlei ; [GMBOT, 476]
C. p. var. exclusa (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus Pringlei var. exclusa ; [GMBOT, 476]
C. p. var. lobulata (Sarg.) Egleston
Crataegus cristata Ashe
Crataegus Pringlei var. lobulata ; [GMBOT, 476]
Crataegus pedicellata Sarg.
Crataegus pedicellata ; [GMBOT, 475]
C. p. var. ellwangeriana (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus pedicellata var. ellwangeriana ; [GMBOT, 475]
Crataegus polita Sarg.
Crataegus polita ; [GMBOT, 475]
C. p. tatnalliana (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus polita tatnalliana ; [GMBOT, 475]

The molles Sarg. species-group
Crataegus arnoldiana Sarg.
Crataegus arnoldiana ; [GMBOT, 475]
Crataegus canadensis Sarg.
Crataegus canadensis ; [GMBOT 476]
Crataegus submollis Sarg.
Iso-orapihlaja
Crataegus submollis ; [GMBOT, 476]
Crataegus mollis (T. & G.) Scheele
Crataegus coccinea var. mollis T. & G.
Crataegus mollis ; [GMBOT, 476]
C. m. var. sera (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus mollis var. sera ; [GMBOT, 476]
Crataegus champlainensis Sarg.
Crataegus champlainensis ; [GMBOT, 476]

The cordatae Beadle species-group
Crataegus phaenopyrum (L. f.) Medic
Mespilus phaenopyrum L. f.
Crataegus cordata Ait.; (not Mespilus cordata Mill.)
Crataegus phaenopyrum ; [GMBOT, 477]

The anomalae Ashe species-group
Crataegus pertomentosa Ashe
Crataegus campestris Britton
Crataegus pertomentosa ; [GMBOT, 477]
Crataegus brainerdi Sarg.
Crataegus schuettei Ashe
Crataegus Brainerdi ; [GMBOT, 477]
C. b. var. egglestoni (Sarg.) Robinson
Crataegus brainerdi var. egglestoni ; [GMBOT, 477]
C. b. var. asperifolia (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus brainerdi var. asperifolia ; [GMBOT, 477]

The macracanthae Loud species-group
tomentosae Sarg.
Crataegus macracantha Lodd.
Crataegus coccinea var. macracantha (Lodd.); Dudley
Crataegus macracantha ; [GMBOT, 477]
C. m. var. rhombifolia (Sarg.) Eggleston
Crataegus macracantha var. rhombifolia ; [GMBOT, 478]
C. m. var. occidentalis (Britton) Eggleston
Crataegus colorado Ashe
Crataegus coloradensis Nelson
Crataegus macracantha var. occidentalis ; [GMBOT, 478]
C. m. succulenta (Schrad.) Eggleston
Crataegus macracantha succulenta ; [GMBOT, 478]
C. m. neofluvialis (Ashe) Eggleston
Crataegus macracantha neofluvialis ; [GMBOT, 478]
Crataegus chapmani (Beadle) Ashe
Crataegus tomentosa var. microcarpa Champ.
Crataegus tomontosa var. chapmani Beadle
Crataegus chapmani ; [GMBOT, 478]
C. c. plukenetii Eggleston
?Crataegus leucophleos Moench
Crataegus chapmani Plukenetii ; [GMBOT, 478]
Crataegus missouriensis Ashe
Crataegus missouriensis ; [GMBOT, 478]

The douglasianae [Loud] Sarg. species-group
Crataegus douglasii Lindl.
Crataegus glandulosa var. ß brevispina Nutt.
Crataegus douglasii ; [GMBOT, 479]

Foodplant for Papilio eurymedon


11.1.2003 (70)

References:
[About maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.
[BONAP]
A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands; A data base interface; BONAP U.S. Checklist - 1998; Provided by TAMU-BWG; Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group; Based on; Biota of North America Program
[DVF]
Den Virtuella floran; http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/welcome.html; Ett projekt vid Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Stockholm, Sweden).; Even for non-Swedish speaker, the distribution maps on species are nice (map buttons "Norden" and "Norra halvklotet")
[GFP1]
Hutchinson, 1964; The Genera of Flowering Plants; Dicotyledons; Volume 1
[GMBOT]
Robinson, Benjamin, Fernald, Lyndon, 1908; Gray's New Manual of Botany (7th edition); A Handbook of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada; American Book Company
[IBT]
Grimm, 1983; The Illustrated Book of Trees
[RK]
Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. (eds), 1998; Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finland); Ed. 4. 656 pp.; Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum. Helsinki
[RUNEBERG]
Project Runeberg: Nordic literature online; Project Runeberg; Bilder ur Nordens Fauna (Carl Axel Magnus Lindman)
[SK]
Mela & Cajander, 1906; Suomen Kasvio; Viides painos

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.