Life Pisces Actinopterygii Anguilliformes Muraenidae

• Gymnothorax afer

  • Muraena tristis Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena tristis Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
  • Thyrsoidea maculipinnis Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Thyrsoidea maculipinnis Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
  • Thyrsoidea marginata Kaup, 1860; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax albimarginatus Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena albimarginata Temminck & Schlegel, 1846; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax albomaculatus

  • Gymnothorax albo maculatus Bliss, 1883; (misspelling)
  • Gymnothorax albomaculatus Bliss, 1883; (misspelling)
• Gymnothorax angusticauda Randall & Golani, 1995

  • Muraena angusticauda Weber & de Beaufort, 1916; (valid as)
  • Priodonophis angusticauda Weber & de Beaufort, 1916; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax angusticeps

  • Priodonophis angusticeps Hildebrand & Barton, 1949; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax annasona Francis, 1993

  • Gymnothorax flavimarginatus annasona Whitley, 1937; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax annulatus Smith & Bæhlke, 1997
• Gymnothorax australicola Lavenberg, 1992
• Gymnothorax bacalladoi Bæhlke [E. B] & Brito, 1987
• ?Gymnothorax bathyphilus Randall & McCosker, 1975
• Gymnothorax berndti Snyder, 1904
• Gymnothorax boschii

  • Muraena boschii Bleeker, 1853; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax boschii Paxton et al., 1989; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax brasiliensis Bloch & Schneider, 1801
• Gymnothorax breedeni McCosker & Randall, 1977
• Gymnothorax buroensis Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena buroensis Bleeker, 1857; (valid as)
  • Muraena buro¯nsis Bleeker, 1857; (misspelling)
  • Muraena atra Ehrenberg, 1871; (unavailable, in synonymy)
  • Muraena corallina Klunzinger, 1871; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax marquesensis Seale, 1906; (synonym)
  • Lycodontis corallinus Dor, 1984; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax castaneus Allen & Robertson, 1994

  • Sidera castanea Jordan & Gilbert, 1883; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax chilospilus Bleeker, 1865

  • Gymnothorax samalensis Seale, 1910; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax chlamydatus

  • Gymnothorax chlamydatus Snyder, 1908; (valid, uncertain)
• ?Gymnothorax colubrinus Suckow, 1799
• Gymnothorax conspersus Poey, 1867
• Gymnothorax cribroris Whitley, 1932
• ?Gymnothorax dakini Whitley & Colefax, 1938
• ?Gymnothorax detactus Bryan & Herre, 1903
• Gymnothorax dorsalis Seale, 1917
• Gymnothorax dovii Allen & Robertson, 1994

  • Muraena dovii Gìnther, 1870; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax arae Borodin, 1928; (synonym)
• ?Gymnothorax echidna Suckow, 1799

  • Echidna variegata Forster, 1788; (unavailable, in synonymy)
  • ?Gymnothorax echidna Forster, 1801
  • Echidna variegata Forster, 1844; (unavailable, in synonymy)
• Gymnothorax elegans Bliss, 1883

  • Muraena flavimarginata Kaup, 1856; (1 homonym)
  • Muraena flavimarginata Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, in synonymy)
  • Muraena flavimarginata Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
  • Gymnothorax goldsboroughi Jordan & Evermann, 1903; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax enigmaticus McCosker & Randall, 1982
• Gymnothorax equatorialis Allen & Robertson, 1994

  • Priodonophis equatorialis Hildebrand, 1946; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax eurostus Hatooka, 1984

  • Thyrsoidea eurosta Abbott, 1861; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis parvibranchialis Fowler, 1900; (synonym)
  • Muraena laysana Steindachner, 1900; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax ercodes Jenkins, 1903; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax chalazius Waite, 1904; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax gilberti Tanaka, 1908; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax dentex de Buen, 1961; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax favagineus Bloch & Schneider, 1801

  • Thaerodontis reticulata McClelland, 1844; (synonym)
  • Muraena python Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena python Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
• Gymnothorax fimbriatus Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena fimbriata Bennett, 1832; (valid as)
  • Muraena bullata Richardson, 1848; (synonym)
  • Muraena isingleenoides Bleeker, 1853; (synonym)
  • Muraena isingleeno¯des Bleeker, 1853; (misspelling)
  • Muraena melanostigma Kuhl, 1856; (unavailable, in synonymy)
• Gymnothorax flavimarginata

  • Muraena flavimarginata Rìppell, 1830; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax flavimarginatus Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis flavimarginatus Dor, 1984; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax flavimarginata Paxton et al., 1989; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax flavimarginatus

  • Muraena mauritiana Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena mauritiana Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
  • Muraena batuensis Bleeker, 1856-57; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax viridipinnis Bliss, 1883; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax thalassopterus Jenkins, 1903; (synonym)
  • Muraena viridipinna Seale, 1917; (synonym)
  • Muraena viridipinna Seale, 1917; (synonym, objective)
  • Lycodontis lemayi Smith, 1949; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax formosus Bleeker, 1865

  • Gymnothorax rhodocephalus Bleeker, 1865; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax funebris Ranzani, 1840

  • Gymnothorax funebris Ranzani, 1840; (unavailable, no features)
  • Muraena lineo-pinnis Richardson, 1848; (misspelling)
  • Muraena lineopinnis Richardson, 1848; (synonym)
  • Taeniophis westphali Kaup, 1860; (synonym)
  • Thyrsoidea aterrima Kaup, 1860; (synonym)
  • Muraena infernalis Poey, 1861; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax fuscomaculata

  • Rabula fuscomaculata Schultz, 1953; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax fuscomaculatus Castle & McCosker, 1986; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax fuscomaculata Paxton et al., 1989; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax garsiae Whitley & Colefax, 1938
• Gymnothorax gracilicauda Jenkins, 1903

  • Heteromyrus atolli Pietschmann, 1935; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax hepaticus

  • Muraena cinerascens Rìppell, 1830; (synonym)
  • Muraena hepatica Rìppell, 1830; (valid as)
  • Muraena hemprichii Klunzinger, 1871; (synonym)
  • Leptocephalus muraenae hepaticae D'Ancona, 1928; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis hepaticus Dor, 1984; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax hepaticus Chen et al., 1994; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax herrei Beebe & Tee-Van, 1933

  • Gymnothorax brunneus Herre, 1923; (1 homonym)
  • Gymnothorax brunneus Herre, 1923; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax herrei Beebe & Tee-Van, 1933; (replacement)
• Gymnothorax hilonis

  • Gymnothorax hilonis Jordan & Evermann, 1903; (valid, uncertain)
• Gymnothorax hubbsi Bæhlke & Bæhlke, 1977
• ?Gymnothorax insignis Seale, 1917
• Gymnothorax intesi Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979

  • Lycodontis intesi Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax isingteena

  • Muraena isingteena Richardson, 1845; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax javanicus

  • Muraena javanica Bleeker, 1859; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax javanicus Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis javanicus Dor, 1984; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax johnsoni Castle & McCosker, 1986

  • Lycodontis johnsoni Smith, 1962; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax kidako Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena kidako Temminck & Schlegel, 1846; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax kolpos Bæhlke & Bæhlke, 1980
• Gymnothorax leucostigma Jordan & Richardson, 1909
• Gymnothorax longinquus Paxton et al., 1989

  • Lycodontis longinquus Whitley, 1948; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax macrosiphon Bleeker, 1873
• ?Gymnothorax maculaepinnis Bleeker, 1866
• Gymnothorax maderensis Bæhlke et al., 1989

  • Pseudomuraena maderensis Johnson, 1862; (valid as)
  • Ahynnodontophis rosaliae Howell Rivero, 1932; (synonym)
• ?Gymnothorax makassariensis Bleeker, 1863
• Gymnothorax mareei Poll, 1953
• Gymnothorax margaritophorus Bleeker, 1865

  • Gymnothorax talofa Jordan & Starks, 1906; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax marshallensis Myers, 1991

  • Rabula marshallensis Schultz, 1953; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax mccoskeri Smith & Bæhlke, 1997
• Gymnothorax megaspilus Bæhlke & Randall, 1995
• Gymnothorax melanospilos

  • Muraena melanospilos Bleeker, 1855; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax melanospilos Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Muraena melanospilus Hatooka, 1984; (misspelling)
• Gymnothorax melatremus Schultz, 1953
• Gymnothorax meleagris

  • Muraena meleagris Shaw, 1795; (valid as)
  • Thyrsoidea chlorostigma Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax leucostictus Jenkins, 1903; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax meleagris Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis meleagris Dor, 1984; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax microspila

  • Muraena microspila Gìnther, 1870; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax mieroszewskii

  • Muraena mieroszewskii Steindachner, 1896; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax miliaris

  • Thrysoidea miliaris Kaup, 1856; (valid as)
  • Leptocephalus fuliginosus Stræmman, 1896; (synonym)
  • Muraena grandimaculis Regan, 1903; (synonym)
  • Muraena miliaris Robins & Ray, 1986; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax miliaris Edwards & Glass, 1987; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax mindanoensis Borodin, 1930
• Gymnothorax minor Smith & Bæhlke, 1997

  • Muraena minor Temminck & Schlegel, 1846; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax moluccensis Randall & Golani, 1995

  • Priodonophis moluccensis Bleeker, 1865; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax monochrous Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena monochrous Bleeker, 1856; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax monostigma

  • Muraena monostigma Regan, 1909; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax mordax Eschmeyer & Herald, 1983

  • Muraena mordax Ayres, 1859; (valid as)
  • Rabula davisi Fowler, 1912; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax moringa Robins & Ray, 1986

  • Muraena moringa Cuvier, 1829; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax rostratus Agassiz, 1831; (synonym)
  • Muraena punctata Gronow, 1854; (synonym)
  • Murenophis caramuru Castelnau, 1855; (synonym)
  • Murenophis curvilineata Castelnau, 1855; (synonym)
  • Muraena acutirostris Abbott, 1861; (synonym)
  • Thyrsoidea concolor Abbott, 1861; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax flavoscriptus Poey, 1876; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax picturatus Poey, 1880; (synonym)
  • Lycodontis albimentis Evermann & Marsh, 1900; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax mucifer Snyder, 1904
• Gymnothorax nasuta de Buen, 1961
• Gymnothorax neglectus Tanaka, 1911
• ?Gymnothorax nigricans Suckow, 1799
• Gymnothorax nigromarginatus Robins & Ray, 1986

  • Neomuraena nigromarginata Girard, 1858; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax niphostigmus Chen, Shao & Chen, 1996
• ?Gymnothorax nivosus Tanaka, 1918
• Gymnothorax nubilus Paulin, Stewart, Roberts & McMillan, 1989

  • Muraena nubila Richardson, 1848; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax nudivomer

  • Muraena nudivomer Gìnther, 1867; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax xanthostomus Snyder, 1904; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax nudivomer Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis nudivomer Dor, 1984; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax nuttingi Snyder, 1904
• Gymnothorax obesus Gomon et al., 1994

  • Uropterygius obesus Whitley, 1932; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax griffini Whitley & Phillipps, 1939; (synonym)
• ?Gymnothorax obscurirostris Rendahl, 1921
• Gymnothorax ocellatus Agassiz, 1831

  • Muraena tricolor Richardson (ex Banks & Solander), 1848; (unavailable, in synonymy)
  • Murenophis variegata Castelnau, 1855; (synonym)
  • Priodonophis ocellatus Kaup, 1860; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax ocellatus var. januarius Jordan & Davis, 1891; (replacement)
  • Gymnothorax ocellatus var. januarius Jordan & Davis, 1891; (synonym)
  • Lycodontis jordani Evermann & Marsh, 1899; (synonym)
  • Muraena ocellata Menni, Ringuelet & Aramburu, 1984; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax odiosus

  • Gymnothorax odiosus Snyder, 1908; (valid, uncertain)
• Gymnothorax panamensis Allen & Robertson, 1994

  • Muraena panamensis Steindachner, 1876; (valid as)
  • Chasmenchelys panamensis Fowler, 1944; (synonym)
  • Lycodontis umbra Fowler, 1944; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax parini Collette, Smith & Bæhlke, 1991
• Gymnothorax permistus

  • Lycodontis permistus Smith, 1962; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax permistus Castle & McCosker, 1986; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax pescadoris Jordan & Evermann, 1902
• Gymnothorax phasmatodes Castle & McCosker, 1986

  • Lycodontis phasmatodes Smith, 1962; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax philippinus Jordan & Seale, 1907
• Gymnothorax pictus

  • Muraena picta Ahl, 1789; (valid as)
  • Muraena lita Richardson, 1848; (synonym)
  • Muraena pfeifferi Bleeker, 1853; (synonym)
  • Muraena polyophthalmus Bleeker, 1858; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax thomsoni Borodin, 1928; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax pictus Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Siderea picta Dor, 1984; (valid as)
  • ?G. p. kowanensis Aoyagi, 1943
• Gymnothorax pikei Bliss (ex Steindachner), 1883

  • Gymnothorax pikei Seale, 1917; (1 HOMONYM)
• Gymnothorax pindae Smith, 1962
• Gymnothorax polygonius Poey, 1875
• Gymnothorax polyuranodon Paxton et al., 1989

  • Muraena polyuranodon Bleeker, 1853; (valid as)
  • Uropterygius fijiensis Fowler & Bean, 1923; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax porphyreus Francis & Randall, 1993

  • Muraenophis rufo-marmorato Guichenot, 1848; (synonym)
  • Murenophis marmoratus Guichenot, 1848; (synonym)
  • Murenophis porphyreus Guichenot, 1848; (valid as)
  • Muraena chilensis Gìnther, 1872; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax wieneri Sauvage, 1883; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax prasinus Paxton et al., 1989

  • Muraena prasina Richardson, 1848; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax jacksoniensis Bleeker, 1863; (synonym)
  • Muraena callorhyncha Gìnther, 1870; (synonym)
  • Verdithorax prasinus Whitley, 1931; (valid as)
  • Notorabula callorhyncha Whitley, 1934; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax leecote Scott, 1965; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax prionodon Ogilby, 1895

  • Serranguilla prionodon Whitley & Phillipps, 1939; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax prolatus Sasaki & Amaoka, 1991
• Gymnothorax pseudothyrsoideus Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena pseudothryso¯dea Bleeker, 1852; (misspelling)
  • Muraena pseudothyrsoidea Bleeker, 1852; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax punctarenae Fowler, 1917
• Gymnothorax punctatofasciatus Bleeker, 1863

  • Gymnothorax punctato-fasciatus Bleeker, 1863; (misspelling)
• Gymnothorax punctatus

  • Gymnothorax punctatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis punctatus Dor, 1984; (valid as)
  • Gymnothorax punctatus Randall & Golani, 1995; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax randalli Smith & Bæhlke, 1997
• Gymnothorax reevesii Hatooka, 1984

  • Muraena reevesii Richardson, 1845; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax reticularis Bloch, 1795

  • Muraena bicolor Bleeker (ex Reinwardt), 1864-65; (unavailable, in synonymy)
• Gymnothorax richardsonii Castle & McCosker, 1986

  • Muraena ceramensis Bleeker, 1852; (synonym)
  • Muraena richardsonii Bleeker, 1852; (valid as)
  • Muraena scoliodon Bleeker, 1853; (synonym)
  • Muraena scoliodon Bleeker, 1853; (unavailable, no features)
  • Muraena troschelii Bleeker, 1853; (synonym)
  • Muraena florisiana Bleeker, 1854; (synonym)
  • Muraena diplodon Peters, 1855; (synonym)
  • Muraena vermicularis Peters, 1855; (synonym)
  • Muraena chrysops Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena chrysops Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
  • Thyrsoidea multifasciata Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena modesta Kaup, 1860; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax richardsoni Hatooka, 1984; (misspelling)
• Gymnothorax robinsi Bæhlke, 1997
• Gymnothorax rueppelliae

  • Dalophis rueppelliae McClelland, 1844; (valid as)
  • Dalophis rìppelliae McClelland, 1844; (misspelling)
  • Muraena umbrofasciata Rìppell, 1852; (unavailable, in synonymy)
  • Muraena nigrolineata Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena nigrolineata Kaup, 1856; (unavailable, no features)
  • Sidera chlevastes Jordan & Gilbert, 1883; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax leucacme Jenkins, 1903; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax waialuae Snyder, 1904; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax ruppelliae Hatooka, 1984; (valid as)
  • Lycodontis rueppelli Dor, 1984; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax ruppelliae

  • Muraena interrupta Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Muraena petelli Bleeker, 1856; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax sagmacephalus Bæhlke, 1997
• Gymnothorax saxicola Robins & Ray, 1986

  • Gymnothorax ocellatus var. saxicola Jordan & Davis, 1891; (valid as)
  • Leptocephalus gillii Facciol , 1893; (valid as)
  • Leptocephalus gillii Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902; (synonym)
  • Leptocephalus latus Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902; (synonym)
  • Leptocephalus strommani Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902; (synonym)
  • Leptocephalus stræmmani Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax serratidens

  • Priodonophis serratidens Hildebrand & Barton, 1949; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax signifer Bliss, 1883
• ?Gymnothorax sokotrensis Kotthaus, 1968
• Gymnothorax steindachneri Jordan & Evermann, 1903
• ?Gymnothorax stigmanotus Fowler, 1912
• ?Gymnothorax tahitensis Seale, 1906
• Gymnothorax tile

  • Lycodontis literata McClelland, 1844; (synonym)
  • Muraena gracilis Richardson, 1848; (synonym)
  • Muraena vermiculata Richardson, 1848; (synonym)
  • Thyrsoidea microdon Kaup, 1856; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax borneensis Bleeker, 1863; (synonym)
  • Gymnothorax borne«nsis Bleeker, 1863; (misspelling)
  • Lycodontis literata Jordan & Evermann, 1896; (synonym)
• Gymnothorax unicolor Edwards & Glass, 1987

  • Muraena unicolor Olafsen & Povelsen, 1775; (valid as)
  • Muraenophis unicolor Delaroche, 1809; (valid as)
  • Muraenophis cristini Risso, 1810; (synonym)
  • Muraena monaca Gìnther (ex Cocco), 1870; (unavailable, in synonymy)
  • Lycodontis unicolor Smith & Bæhlke, 1990; (valid? as)
• Gymnothorax verrilli McCosker & Rosenblatt, 1995

  • Sidera verrilli Jordan & Gilbert, 1883; (valid as)
• ?Gymnothorax wakanourae Tanaka, 1908
• Gymnothorax woodwardi McCulloch, 1912
• Gymnothorax wooliensis Paxton et al., 1989

  • Lycodontis wooliensis Whitley, 1968; (valid as)
• Gymnothorax ypsilon Hatooka & Randall, 1992
• Gymnothorax zonipectis Seale, 1906

  • Gymnothorax indong Seale, 1910; (synonym)

24.4.2004 (130)

Additional information sources:

• 
  The taxonomic information and the basic database has been provided by; e-mail: Igor Sheremetyev; This is a conversion from a database dump, and there are probably many odd things as result of automatic conversion.