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Appias Hübner, [1819]

Puffins and Albatrosses
Appias Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 91, TS: Papilio zelmira Stoll
Catophaga Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 93, TS: Papilio paulina Cramer
Hiposcritia Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 16, : pl. [113], f. 651-652, TS: Hiposcritia pandione Geyer
Trigonia Geyer, [1837]; in Hübner, Zuträge. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5 : 21, 35 (preocc. Trigonia Bruguière, 1789), TS: Papilio nero Fabricius
Tachyris Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 361, TS: Papilio hero Fabricius
Andropodum Scudder, 1875; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 10 (2) : 112 (preocc. Hübner, 1822), TS: Mylothris margarita Hübner

= Glutophrissa ; [NL4A, 113]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 172

Glutophrissa Butler, 1887; Ent. mon. Mag. 23 : 249, TS: Appias poeyi Butler
Lade de Nicéville, 1898; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 12 (1) : 153, TS: Appias lalassis Grose-Smith
Appias, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Appias, Pieridae Holarcticae [Heiner Ziegler]
Appius ; F. M. Brown, 1942, (missp.)
Appias ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25
Appias (Appiadina) ; [AfrL]
Appias (Pierinae) ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 107
Glutophrissa (Pierini) ; [NL4A, 113]
Glutophrissa (Appiadina) ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 172

Appias libythea (Fabricius, 1775)

Ceylon, India, Burma. See [About maps] Striped Albatross
Papilio libythea Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 471, no. 120
Appias retexta Swinhoe, 1890; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5 (29) : 360, TL: Bombay; Poona

= ; [NHM, (form)]

Appias libythea ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 6, 12]; [BOR, 154]; [MRS, 240]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 1

769x514 (~99Kb) upperside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko

769x513 (~76Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko

Larva on Crateva religiosa, Capparis sepiaria, C. roxburghii, C. horrida [MRS]

A. l. libythea

Ceylon, S.India, W.India - Saurashtra, Simla, Delhi - Bengal Appias libythea libythea ; [BOR, 154]
Appias libythea r. libythea ; [BIR, 427]

A. l. rouxii (Boisduval, 1836)

N.India Pieris rouxii Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 481, TL: Punjab
Appias libythea rouxii ; [NHM]

A. l. peducaea Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines libythea peducaea Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 148
Appias libythea peducaea ; [BOR, 154]

Appias olferna Swinhoe, 1890

Bengal - Assam, Burma, Laos, Vietnam. See [About maps] Appias olferna Swinhoe, 1890; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5 (29) : 358, TL: Maldah
Papilio zelmira Stoll, [1780]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 64, pl. 320, f. C, D, TL: India
Appias irvinii Swinhoe, 1890; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5 (29) : 359, TL: Mandalay, Upper Burmah
Appias libythea f. sopara Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 147, TL: Siam; Assam
Appias olferna olferna, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
libythea r. olferna ; [BIR, 427]
Appias libythea olferna ; [BOR, 154]; [MRS, 240]; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 14-15]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 2-3
Appias libythea zelmira ; [MRS, 240]

685x541 (~96Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, a vasting land with open tree stand behind the Jomtien beach, 1st February, 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	446x577 (~69Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, a vasting land with open tree stand behind the Jomtien beach, 1st February, 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1123x1239 (~174Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
1261x1032 (~203Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	851x812 (~75Kb) underside male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien beach, a wasting land behind Jomtien Holiday Hotel, 2nd January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	585x827 (~66Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, a grove edge at a vasting land behind the Jomtien beach, 1th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Appias lyncida (Cramer, [1777])

S.India, Sikkim - Assam, Burma, Lucknow, Orissa, Ceylon. See [About maps] Chocolate Albatross
Papilio lyncida Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 52, pl. 121, f. B, TL: Java
Papilio hippo Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 4, pl. 195, f. B, C
Pieris enyo Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 481
Appias lyncida ; [BIR, 428]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 13]; [EBW]; [BOR, 154]; [MRS, 240]
Appias (Appias) lyncida ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 107

400x600 (~93Kb) underside India: Arunachal Pradesh, Taley Valley WLS, 12.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

Larva on Crataeva religiosa, Capparis roxburghii, Capparis heyneana [MRS]

A. l. lyncida

Java, Balia, Bawean ?icilia Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149
Appias lyncida lyncida ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. hippona Fruhstorfer, 1910²

NE.Sumatra lyncida hippona Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 148
Appias lyncida hippona ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. enarete (Boisduval, 1836)

Borneo Pieris enarete Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 480, TL: Borneo
Appias lyncida enarete ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. latifasciata Moore, 1881

S.India Appias latifasciata Moore, 1881; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1881 (3) : 312, TL: Carara, Malabar, S.India
Appias lyncida latifasciata ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. taprobana Moore, 1879

Ceylon Appias taprobana Moore, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1) : 143
Appias aperta Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 18 (105) : 188
Appias lyncida taprobana ; [BOR, 154]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 16-17

A. l. nicobarica Moore²

Nicobars Appias lyncida nicobarica ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. purana Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Enggano lyncida purana Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149
Appias lyncida purana ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. vasava Fruhstorfer, 1910

Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore Appias lyncida vasava Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149, (48) , TL: Malaysia; Thailand
Appias lyncida vasava, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lyncida vasava ; [BOR, 154]; [BMP: 89, pl. 8, f. 10-11]; [MRS, 240]

Larva on Crateva religiosa, Capparis micracantha [BMP]

A. l. enaretina (Fruhstorfer, 1900)

Philippinens (Palawan, Balabac) Tachyris hippo enaretina Fruhstorfer, 1900; Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 31, TL: Palawan
Appias lyncida enaretina ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. andrea (Eschscholtz, 1821)

Philippinens (Luzon, Mindoro) Colias andrea Eschscholtz, 1821; in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 215, pl. 10, f. 23a-b
?Papilio cneora Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 200

= Appias andrea ; Butler, 1872, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1872 (3) : 48

Appias lyncida andrea ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. lepidana Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippinens (Panay, Guimaros, Negros) lyncida lepidana Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149
Appias lyncida lepidana ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. eleonora (Boisduval, 1836)

Thailand, Indochina Pieris eleonora Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 481, TL: "Amboina" [error? Assam or Burma?]
Appias vacans Butler, 1870; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4) : 490, TL: Sikkim
Appias hippoides Moore, 1881; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1881 (3) : 312, TL: NE.Bengal
Appias hippoides var. epicoena Swinhoe, 1889; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1889 (4) : 398
?Appias hippo Bingham, 1907
Appias lyncida hippoides f. lurida Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149, TL: Siam; Annam
Appias lyncida eleonora, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lyncida eleonora ; [MRS, 240]
Appias lyncida hippoides ; [BOR, 154]

711x536 (~89Kb) Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Khao-Khitchakut National Park, a river valley in an evergreen forest above the Krating Waterfalls. 30th January 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

A. l. formosana (Wallace, 1866)

Taiwan Pieris formosana Wallace, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2) : 356, TL: Formosa
Appias lyncida formosana ; BOR, 154; [MRS, 240]

Larva on Crateva religiosa, C. adansonii, Capparis sikkimensis, C. micracantha [MRS]

A. l. lynceola (C. & R. Felder, 1865)

Timor Pieris lynceola C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 164, TL: Timor

A. l. inornata Moore, 1878

Hainan, ?S.China Appias inornata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3) : 700, TL: Hainan
Appias lyncida inornata ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. papissa Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Sumbawa lyncida papissa Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149
Appias lyncida papissa ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. floresiana (Butler, 1898)

?Sumba, Flores - Alor, Tukangebesi Tachyris floresiana Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 2 (12): 465, TL: Flores
Appias lyncida floresiana ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) lyncida floresiana ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

A. l. lycaste (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

S.Sulawesi Pieris lycaste C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 164
Appias lyncida lycaste ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) lyncida lycaste ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

A. l. gellia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

N.Sulawesi, C.Sulawesi lyncida gellia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149, pl. 58, f. f
Appias lyncida gellia ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) lyncida gellia ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 107

A. l. lutatia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Kalao, Tanahdjampea lyncida lutatia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149
Appias lyncida lutatia ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) lyncida lutatia ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

Appias nero (Fabricius, 1793)

Sikkim - Burma, Assam. See [About maps] Orange Albatross
Papilio nero Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 153, no. 471
Pieris thyria Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 147

= ; [NHM]

Appias nero, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Appias nero ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 16]; [BOR, 158]; [MRS, 243]
Appias (Catophaga) nero ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

Larva on Capparis, Drypetes, Pithecolobium Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. n. nero

Java, Bali Appias nero nero ; [BOR, 158]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 11

A. n. palawanica Staudinger, 1889

Palawan Appiar nero var. palawanica Staudinger, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 22, TL: Palawan
Appias nero palawanica ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. flavius Grose-Smith, 1892

NE.Borneo (Taganac Is.) Appias flavius Grose-Smith, 1892; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 10 (60) : 427, TL: Taganac Island, North-east Borneo
Appias nero flavius ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. zamboanga (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Philippines (Mindanao) Pieris zamboanga C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9) : 285, TL: Mindanao
Appias nero zamboanga ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. soranus Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Cebu) nero soranus Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151
Appias nero soranus[?] ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. domitia (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Philippines (Luzon) Pieris domitia C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9) : 285
Pieris asterope C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9) : 286

= ; [NHM]

?Appias mindanensis Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (66) : 421, TL: Pasananca, Mindanao
Appias nero domitia ; [BOR, 158]; [MRS, 243]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 15

A. n. tibericus (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Philippines (Basilan) nero tibericus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Tachyris); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151, pl. 60 f. f
Appias nero tibericus ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. acuminata (Snellen, 1890)

Tanahdjampea Pieris nero var. acuminata Snellen, 1890; Tijdschr. Ent. 33 : 273
Appias nero acuminata ; [BOR, 158]
Appias (Catophaga) nero acuminata ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. n. yamazakii Sonan, 1936

Taiwan nero yamazakii Sonan, 1936; Zephyrus 6: 295
Appias nero yamazakii ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. hainanensis (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

Hainan Tachyris nero hainanensis Fruhstorfer, 1902; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1) : 178, TL: Hainan
Appias nero hainanensis ; [MRS, 243]; [BOR, 158]

A. n. galba (Wallace, 1867)

N.India, Sikkim - N.Vietnam, S.Yunnan Tachyris galba Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 378, TL: N.India
Appias nebo Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1894; Rhop. Exot. 2: (Appias) pl. 1, f. 1-2, TL: Burma
Appias nero galba, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias nero galba ; [BOR, 158]; [MRS, 243]
Appias galba galba ; [Torben B. Larsen]

A. n. figulina (Butler, 1867)

S.Burma, Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra Pieris figulina Butler, 1867; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 20 (120) : 399, pl. 8, f. 1, TL: Singapore
Appias nero figulina, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias nero figulina ; [BOR, 158]; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 12-13]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 12

1152x1065 (~462Kb) underside Thailand, Phuket, a rivulet bank at the foot of Kathu Waterfalls, 25th February 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

A. n. ramosa (Fruhstorfer, 1898)

Nias Catophaga nero ramosa Fruhstorfer, 1898; Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (3/4) : 328, TL: Nias
Appias nero ramosa ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. neronis (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Kangean Tachyris nero neronis Fruhstorfer, 1903; Soc. Ent. 18 (3) : 17, TL: Kangean
Appias nero neronis ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. baweanicus (Fruhstorfer, 1905)

Bawean Tachyris nero baweanicus Fruhstorfer, 1905; Ent. Zs. 19 (9): 45, f. 1-2, TL: Bawean
Appias nero baweana[sic?] ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. chelidon (Fruhstorfer, 1905)

Borneo Tachyris nero chelidon Fruhstorfer, 1905; Ent. Zs. 19 (9): 45, TL: N.Borneo
Appias nero chelidon ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. pulonus (Fruhstorfer, 1906)

Pulautelo (Batu Is.) Tachyris nero pulonus Fruhstorfer, 1906; Ent Zs. 20 (15): 99, (16): 106, TL: Batu I.
Appias nero pulonus ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. bouruensis (Wallace, 1867)

Buru, Ambon, Serang Tachyris bouruensis Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 379, TL: Buru
Appias nero bouruensis ; [BAUR, 157]

Appias zarinda (Boisduval, 1836)

-. See [About maps] Pieris zarinda Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 486, pl. 18, f. 4
Appias nero zarinda ; [BOR, 158]
Appias zarinda zarinda ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 14
Appias (Catophaga) zarinda ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. z. zarinda

Sulawesi, Kabaena, Tukangbesi, Banggai Appias (Catophaga) zarinda zarinda ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. z. phestus (Westwood, 1888)

Talisei I., Sangie Tachyris phestus Westwood, 1888; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888 (3) : 469, pl. 12, f. 2, TL: Talisse Island
Appias nero phestus ; [BOR, 158]
Appias (Catophaga) zarinda phestus ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. z. sulana (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Sula Is. Tachyris nero sulana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 84, TL: Sula-Mangoli
Appias nero sulana ; [BOR, 158]
Appias (Catophaga) zarinda sulana ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

Appias sp.

Sulawesi, Buton. See [About maps] Tachyris nero zarinda ab. aurosa Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 84
Appias (Catophaga) sp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

Appias celestina (Boisduval, 1832)

New Guinea, Australia. See [About maps] Common Migrant
Pieris celestina Boisduval, 1832; in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.) 1 : 46, TL: Waigiou
Appias celestina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Pieris celestina ; Boisduval, 1836, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 484; Hewitson, 1861, Ill. exot. Butts [1] (Pieris III-VI): [36], pl. [19]. f. 29-30
Tachyris celestina ; Wallace, 1867, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 374, pl. 8, f. 6, 6a
Appias celestina ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 7, 11]

A. c. celestina

Waigeu Appias celestina celestina ; [BAUR, 157]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 7, 10

A. c. barea Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Aru, Kai celestina barea Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151
Appias celestina barea ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. c. delicata Butler, 1882

New Britain Appias delicata Butler, 1882; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (56): 153, TL: New Britain
Pieris eumelis Boisduval, 1832; in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.) 1 : 50
Pieris eumelis ; Boisduval, 1836, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 516
Appias celestina delicata ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. c. galerus Fruhstorfer, 1910

West Irian - Papua celestina galerus Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151, pl. 61 e
?galerus ?Boisduval
Appias celestina galerus ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

Appias indra (Moore, 1857)

Ceylon, S.India, Nepal - Assam, Burma. See [About maps] Plain Puffin
Pieris indra Moore, 1857; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1857 (333) : 103, pl. 44, f. 5
Pieris indra Moore, [1858]; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy 1 : 74, TL: Darjeelling, India
Appias indra indra, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias indra ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 8]; [BOR, 160]; [MRS, 240]

A. i. indra

N.India, Nepal, Sikkim - Burma Appias mahana Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115) : 48, TL: Darjeeling
Pieris colimba Moore, [1866]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865 (3) : 759
Hyposcritia imbecilis Moore, 1884; J. asiat. Soc. Bengal 53 Pt.II (1) : 46, TL: Silhet, Assam
Tachyris indigis Weymer, 1887; Stettin ent. Ztg 48 (1-3) : 11, pl. 1, f. 3, TL: N.India
Appias indra indra ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. shiva (Swinhoe, 1885)

S.India Hiposcritia shiva Swinhoe, 1885; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 : 138, pl. 9, f. 1-2, TL: Parbutti Hill, Poona
Appias indra shiva ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. narendra Moore, 1877

Ceylon Appias narendra Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115) : 48, TL: Ceylon
Appias indra narendra ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. thronion Fruhstorfer, 1910

Thailand, Indo-China, S.Yunnan Appias indra thronion Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154, TL: Thailand
Appias indra thronion, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias indra thronion ; [BOR, 160]

940x806 (~85Kb) underside male Thailand, Chanthaburi Province, Khao-Khitchakut National Park, a sandy bed of the Krating rivulet among the tropical forest above the waterfalls. 5th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

A. i. plana Butler, 1879

Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi Is., Sumatra Appias plana Butler, 1879; Trans. linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 1 (8) : 551, TL: Malaysia
Appias indra plana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias indra plana ; [BOR, 160]; [BMP: 91, pl. 9, f. 1]

A. i. menandrus Fruhstorfer, 1910

Hainan, ?S.China Appias indra menandrus Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153, TL: Hainan
Appias indra menandrus ; [BOR, 160]; [MRS, 240]

A. i. aristoxemus Fruhstorfer, 1908

Taiwan Appias indra aristoxemus Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Wochenbl. 25 (9): 37
Appias indra aristoxemus ; [MRS, 240]; [BOR, 160]

Larva on Drypetes littoralis, D. hieranensis [MRS]

A. i. treadawayi Schröder²

Philippines (NW.Mindanao) Appias indra treadawayi ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. lucasi (Wallace, 1867)

W.Java Tachyris lucasii Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 381, TL: Java
Appias indra lucasi ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. leptis (C. & R. Felder, 1865)

C.Java, E.Java Pieris leptis C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 163
?balinus Fruhstorfer
Appias indra leptis ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. aemilia Fruhstorfer, 1910

Borneo Appias leptis aemilia Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157, TL: Borneo
Appias indra aemilia ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. vadus (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Lombok indra vadus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Tachyris); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157, pl. 59 d
Appias indra vadus ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. massilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Palawan) indra massilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157, pl. 59 d
Appias indra massilia ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. festrada Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Nias indra festrada Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157, pl. 59 c
Appias indra festrada ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. statilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

indra statilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153, pl. 59 d
Appias indra statilia ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 4

Appias pandione (Geyer, [1832])

-. See [About maps] Hiposcritia pandione Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 16, : pl. [113], f. 651-652
Appias pandione ; [EBW]
?Appias pandrone[sic?] Hübner²; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 17]
Appias pandione ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. pandione

Java Appias pandione pandione ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. ozolia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Sumatra pandione ozolia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153, pl. 59 e
Appias pandione ozolia ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. whiteheadi Grose-Smith, 1887

N.Borneo Appias whiteheadi Grose-Smith, 1887; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 20 : 434
Appias pandione whiteheadi ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. lagela (Moore, [1879])

S.Burma - Peninsular Malaya Catophaga lagela Moore, [1879]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4) : 838, pl. 52, f. 4, TL: Tenasserim, S.Myanmar
Appias lalage aornus Fruhstorfer, 1913; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (3) : 135, TL: Malaysia
Appias pandione lagela, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias pandione lagela ; [BOR, 161]; [BMP: 91, pl. 9, f. 2]

A. p. montanus Rothschild, 1896

Philippines (Negros) Appias montanus Rothschild, 1896; Novit. Zool. 3 (3): 325, TL: Mt. Calaon, Negros, Philippines
Appias pandione montana ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. zamora (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Philippines (Mindoro) Tachyris zamora C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9) : 286

= Pieris nephele ; [NHM]

Appias pandione zamora ; [BOR, 161]

Appias phoebe (C. & R. Felder, 1861)

Philippines (Luzon). See [About maps] Pieris phoebe C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (10) : 299, TL: Luzon
Appias pandione phoebe ; [BOR, 161]
Appias phoebe phoebe ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 1-2

Appias melania (Fabricius, 1775)

Sikkim - W.China - Australia. See [About maps] Grey Albatross
Papilio melania Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 475
Tachyris asteria Miskin, 1889; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 3: 1514
Tachyris cerussa Fruhstorfer, 1904
Appias melania, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias melania ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 14]; [BAUR, 157]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 8

A. m. sosias Fruhstorfer, 1913

New Guinea? Appias melania sosias Fruhstorfer, 1913; Ent. Rundschau 30 (23) : 133, TL: Yule I.

A. m. pietersi Kalis, 1933

Kangean Appias melania pietersi Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 51, TL: Soerabaja, Kangean

Appias paulina (Cramer, [1777])

Ceylon, AU, Japan. See [About maps] Ceylon Lesser Albatross
Papilio paulina Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 21, pl. 110, f. E, F
Pieris capparidis Swainson, 1851; (nomen nudum)
Catophaga lankapura Moore, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1) : 142
Appias paulina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias paulina ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 19]; [MRS, 239]
Appias (Catophaga) paulina ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 110

1115x1086 (~146Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya environs, Ko Lan island, ruderal vegeation at a roadside. 15th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1120x1042 (~144Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya environs, Ko Lan island, ruderal vegeation at a roadside. 15th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	951x624 (~38Kb) female Oppadake, Okinawa, Ryukyus, Japan, 8-93, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt
951x624 (~50Kb) male Funaura, Iriomote, Ryukyus, Japan, 5-95, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt

Larva on Drypetes australasica K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140), Capparis, Drypetes, Putranjiva Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 110

A. p. ega (Boisduval, 1836)

Northern Territory - Cape York Common Albatross
Pieris ega Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 536
Appias paulina ega ; [BAUR, 156]

A. p. neombo (Boisduval, 1836)

Pieris neombo Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 539
Appias paulina neombo ; [NHM]

A. p. galene (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

Ceylon Pieris galene C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 165
Appias paulina galene ; [BOR, 156]

A. p. galathea (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

Andamans, Nicobars Pieris galathea C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 165, TL: Nicobars
Appias roepstorffii Moore, 1884; J. asiat. Soc. Bengal 53 Pt.II (1) : 44, TL: Nicobar Is.
Appias paulina galathea ; [BOR, 156]

A. p. zoe (Vollenhoven, 1865)

Moluccas Pieris zoe Vollenhoven, 1865; Faune ent. 2 (Monogr. Pierid.) : 37, pl. 4, f. 5
Appias paulina zoe ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. p. cynisca (Wallace, 1867)

Buru Tachyris cynisca Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 375, TL: Buru
?Appias melania antoniae Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 156, TL: East Ceram, Saparua
Appias paulina cynisca ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. p. albata (Hopffer, 1874)

Sulawesi, Sula Tachyris albata Hopffer, 1874; Stettin ent. Ztg 35 (1-3) : 22
Appias (Catophaga) paulina albata ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 110

A. p. paula (Röber, 1891)

Wetar Tachyris paula Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 282, TL: Wetter
Appias paulina paula ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. p. saina Grose-Smith, 1894

West Irian - Papua Appias saina Grose-Smith, 1894; Novit. zool. 1 (2): 336, TL: Humboldt Bay; Biak
Appias paulina saina ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. p. eurosundana Grose-Smith, 1895

Timor Appias eurosundana Grose-Smith, 1895; Novit. Zool. 2 (2): 75, TL: Oinaisa (Timor); Sambawa
Appias paulina eurosundana ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. p. minato (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Japan, Taiwan Catophaga paulina minato Fruhstorfer, 1899; Stettin ent. Ztg 59 (10-12) : 409
Appias paulina minato ; [BOR, 156]; [MRS, 239]

A. p. distanti (Moore, [1905])

Catophaga paulina distanti Moore, [1905]; Lepidoptera Indica 7 : 14
Appias paulina distanti, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias paulina distanti ; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 21-22]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 5

A. p. micromalayana (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

E.Java, Bawean, Tenimber paulina micromalayana (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Tachyris); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154
ab. umbratilis (Fruhstorfer, 1897) (Tachyris); Berl. Ent. Zs. 41 (4) : 392

= ; [NHM]

ab. citronella (Fruhstorfer, 1897) (Tachyris); Berl. Ent. Zs. 41 (4) : 392

= ; [NHM]

Catophaga albina ab. saweloides Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 285, TL: Lombok

= ; [NHM]

Appias ambigua Grose-Smith, 1895; Novit. Zool. 2 (2): 76, TL: Wetter; Dili; Halmaheira

A. p. falcidia Joicey & Noakes, 1915

Biak Appias ega falcidia Joicey & Noakes, 1915; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1915 (2) : 184, pl. 25, f. 1-2, TL: Biak
Appias paulina falcidia ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. p. griseoides Moulton, 1923

S.Vietnam Appias paulina griseoides Moulton, 1923; J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam. 6 (1): 133, TL: Pulo Condore
Appias paulina griseoides, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

A. p. grisea Moulton, 1923

Appias paulina grisea Moulton, 1923; J. Malay. Brch. R. Asiat. Soc. 1 (1): 234

Appias sylvia (Fabricius, 1775)

Guinea - W.Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia. See [About maps] Wooldland White Albatross
Papilio sylvia Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 470
Appias bachi Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1) : 74

= ; [NHM]

Appias rhodope dopero Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1) : 76, TL: Camerun, Barombi-Station

= ; [NHM]

?Pieris rhodanus Ward, 1871; Ent. mon. Mag. 8 : 58, TL: Cameroons

= ; [NHM, ♂ ?]
= Appias phaola ; [NHM, ♀ ?]

Appias sylvia ; [EBW]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia ; [AfrL]

Larva on Drypetes, Phyllanthus [BK]

A. s. sylvia

Sierra Leone - Nigeria, Cameroun, N.Zaire Appias sylvia sylvia ; [BAFR, 92]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia sylvia ; [AfrL]

A. s. abyssinica Talbot, 1932

SW.Ethiopia sylvia abyssinica Talbot, 1932; Bull. Hill Mus. 4: 170
Appias sylvia abyssinica ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia abyssinica ; [AfrL]

A. s. canisia Hulstaert, 1924²

Lower Zaire, N.Angola sylvia canisia Hulstaert, 1924²; Rev. Zool. Afr. 12: 93
Appias sylvia canisia ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]

A. s. nyasana (Butler, 1897)

SE.Zaire, NE.Angola, Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi Phrissura nyasana Butler, 1897; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1896 : 853, pl. 43, f. 3
sylvia luvuensis Joicey & Talbot, 1926
Appias sylvia nyasana ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 12
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia nyasana ; [AfrL]

A. s. sudanensis Talbot, 1932

S.Sudan sylvia sudanensis Talbot, 1932; Bull. Hill Mus. 4: 170
Appias sylvia sudanensis ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia sudanensis ; [AfrL]

A. s. ugandensis Bernardi²

Uganda, W.Kenya Appias sylvia ugandensis ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; [BK, 145]

A. s. zairiensis Berger, 1981

Appias sylvia zairiensis ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 11
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia zairiensis ; [AfrL]

Appias drusilla (Cramer, [1777])

S.USA, CA, SA, West Indies. See [About maps] Florida White Tropical White
Papilio drusilla Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 21, pl. 110, f. C, TL: "Batavia" [error]
Appias drusilla, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Appias drusilla ; [NACL, #4190]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 28, f. 14]; [Opler]
Glutophrissa drusilla ; [NL4A, #267]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 172

526x556 (~33Kb) male Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

500x401 (~70Kb) underside Venezuela, Parai Tepui near Mount Roraima in the Gran Sabana, July 2002, Photo © Simon Coombes

Larva on Capparis, Drypetes laterifolia [NAB]

A. d. drusilla

Peru, Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia), Argentina Pieris ilaire Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 142, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Pieris mysia Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 143, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Mylothris margarita Hübner, [1819]

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Papilio albunea Dalman, 1823; Analecta Entomologica: 39, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Mylothris molpadia Hübner, [1823]; Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : 15, : pl. [45], f. 259-260, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Mylothris margarita Hübner, [1825]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [120], f. 1-4

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Tachyris ilaire janeira Bönninghausen, 1896; Verh. Ver. naturw. Unterh. Hamb. 9: 30, TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

f. nana d'Almeida, 1913; , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Appias drusilla ♀ f. nana d'Almeida, 1921; Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 90 : 59

= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Appias drusilla var. augustiniana Fernández, 1928; Asoc. españ. Prog. Ciencias Congr. Cádiz. Seccion IV, 1928: 122, TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Daptonoura laria f. alba Ribeiro, 1931; Bol. Mus. nac. Rio de Janeiro 7 (1) : 35, TL: Brazil, Rondônia

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Appias drusilla f. minima Breyer, 1939; Verh. 7. int. Kongr. Ent. 1: 36, TL: Argentina

= ; [NL4A, #267a]
= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Appias drusilla ♀ f. amarilla Scott, 1981; Papilio (n.s.) 1: 3 (nom. nud.)

= Glutophrissa drusilla ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Appias margarita ; Butler, 1872
Pieris margarita ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 135
molpodia ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 5 (missp.)
Tachyris margarita ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 5
Appias drusilla drusilla ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 155
Glutophrissa drusilla drusilla ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #267a]

A. d. castalia (Fabricius, 1793)

Jamaica Papilio castalia Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 188, TL: "India"
Glutophrissa drusilla jacksoni Kaye, 1920; Ent. Rec. J. Var. 32 (10) : 188, TL: Jamaica

= ; [NL4A, #267c]

?Kricogonia castalia ; [EBW]
Glutophrissa drusilla castalia ; [NL4A, #267c]

A. d. poeyi (Butler, 1872)

Cuba Appias poeyi Butler, 1872; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1872 (3) : 49, TL: Cuba
Appias janeira f. peregrina Röber, [1909]; in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 5 : 105, pl. 26 c, TL: Cuba

= ; [NL4A, #267g]

f. minor Dufrane, 1947; , TL: Cuba

= ; [NL4A, #267g]

Appias drusilla poeyi, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Appias drusilla poeyi ; [NACL, #4190a]
Glutophrissa drusilla poeyi ; [NL4A, #267g]

A. d. neumoegenii (Skinner, 1894)

Florida Tachyris ilaire var. neumoegenii Skinner, 1894; Ent. News 5 (3) : 110, pl. 4, TL: Florida
Appias drusilla ab. hollandi Röber, [1908]; in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 5 : 68, TL: [Florida]

= ; [NL4A, #267f]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Tachyris margarita neumoegenii ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 5
Appias drusilla neumoegenii ; [NACL, #4190b]
Glutophrissa drusilla neumoegenii ; [NL4A, #267f]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

A. d. monomorpha Hall, 1936

Grenada drusilla monomorpha Hall, 1936; Entomologist 69 : 275, TL: Grenada
Glutophrissa drusilla monomorpha ; [NL4A, #267e]

A. d. boydi Comstock, 1943

Dominican Republic (Glutophrissa) drusilla boydi Comstock, 1943; , TL: Domincan Repuplic
Appias drusilla boydi, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Glutophrissa drusilla boydi ; [NL4A, #267b]

A. d. comstocki Dillon, 1947

Dominica Appias (Glutophrissa) drusilla comstocki Dillon, 1947; Bull. Brooklyn ent. Soc. (n.s.) 42: 97, TL: Dominica
Appias drusilla comstocki, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Glutophrissa drusilla comstocki ; [NL4A, #267d]

A. d. tenuis Lamas, 1981

Peru Appias drusilla tenuis Lamas, 1981; Rev. Ciencias UNMSM 73 (1): 49, TL: Tumbes, Matapalo, La Totora 100m
Glutophrissa drusilla tenuis, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Glutophrissa drusilla tenuis, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Glutophrissa drusilla tenuis ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #267h]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 173

Appias ada (Stoll, [1781])

Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia. See [About maps] Rare Albatross
Papilio ada Stoll, [1781]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (29-31): 142, pl. 363, f. C-D, TL: Amboina
Pieris cilla C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 165

= ; [NHM]

Tachyris leucosticta Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 2 (12): 462, TL: Bourou, Ceram, Salwatty, Waigiou

= ; [NHM]

Appias caria Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914; Butts Australia: 147, f. 475, 533, 788
Appias ada solis Joicey & Noakes, 1915; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1915 (2) : 185, pl. 24, f. 2-3
Appias ada tenimberensis Joicey & Talbot, 1922; Bull. Hill Mus. 1 (2) : 347, TL: Tenimber Is., south Yamdena, 25 mil N of Saumlakki
Appias adah[sic] saumlakiana Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 76, TL: Tenimber?
Appias ada, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias ada ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 1]; [BAUR, 157 (text)]
Appias ada ada ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 15

Larva on Crateva religiosa K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

A. a. clavis (Wallace, 1867)

Key I. Tachyris clavis Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 367, TL: Ké Island
Appias ada clavis ; [NHM]

A. a. solstitialis (Butler, 1898)

New Ireland Tachyris solstitialis Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 2 (12): 461, TL: New Ireland

A. a. florentia Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1894

Somomon Appias florentia Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1894; Rhop. Exot. 2: (Appias) pl. 1, f. 6-8 [florentina?], TL: Solomon Islands

A. a. xenia (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Halmaheira Tachyris ada xenia Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 289, TL: Halmaheira

A. a. thasia (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Papua Tachyris ada thasia Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 290, TL: Roon; Mafor

A. a. plotina (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Fergusson I. Tachyris ada plotina Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 291, TL: Fergusson I.

A. a. ribbei (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

New Georgia Tachyris ada ribbei Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 291, TL: Rubiana, New Georgia

Misidentified/misapplied:

Tachyris ada var. florentina; Ribbe, 1898, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 11 (1): 91 (part)

A. a. vana (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Bougainville Tachyris ada vana Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 292, TL: Bougainville

Misidentified/misapplied:

Tachyris ada var. florentina; Ribbe, 1898, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 11 (1): 91 (part)

A. a. monna (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Solomons Tachyris ada monna Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 292, TL: Solomon Is.

Appias albina (Boisduval, 1836)

S.India - Sikkim, Ceylon, Burma, Australia. See [About maps] Common Albatross White Albatross
Pieris albina Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 480, TL: Ambon
Tachyris albina ab. flava Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 282
Appias albina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
albina f. flava ; [BIR, 429 (female)]
Appias albina ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 4]; [MRS, 239]
Appias (Catophaga) albina ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

Larva on Capparis, Crataeva, Drypetes Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. a. albina

Borneo, Sulawesi, Tanahjampea, Banggai, Sula, Lesser Sunda Is., Aru, Kai, New Guinea, N.Australia Appias albina albina ; [BOR, 156]; [BAUR, 156 (text)]; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 19-20]
Appias (Catophaga) albina albina ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 110

Larva on Capparis heyneana [BMP]

A. a. darada (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

Sikkim - Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Hainan, W.China, Andamans, Nicobars Pieris darada C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 166, TL: Silhet
Appias albina darada, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
?Appias paulina darada ; [MRS, 239]

1179x1190 (~154Kb) underside female Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1164x1066 (~273Kb) underside male Thailand, Chanthaburi Province, Khao-Khitchakut National Park, a sandy bed of the Krating rivulet among the tropical forest above the waterfalls. 5th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

A. a. venusta (Moore, [1881])

Ceylon Catophaga venusta Moore, [1881]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 132, pl. 51, f. 3, TL: Ceylon
Appias albina? venusta ; [BOR, 156]

A. a. semperi Moore, [1905]

Taiwan, Philippines (Luzon) Appias albina semperi ; [BOR, 156]; [MRS, 239]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 9

A. a. agatha (Staudinger, 1889)

Philippinens (Palawan) Tachyris agatha Staudinger, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 20, TL: Palawan
Appias albina agatha ; [BOR, 156]

A. a. confusa Fruhstorfer, 1910

Appias albina confusa Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154, pl. 60 d (preocc. Belenois confusa Butler, 1872), TL: Sikkim; Assam; Siam; Tonkin
Appias albina confusa f. principalis Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154
Appias albina confusa f. semiflava Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154
albina f. semiflava ; [BIR, 429 (female)]
Appias albina confusa ; [MRS, 239]

A. a. pulverobasalis Joicey & Noakes, 1915

Biak Appias albina pulverobasalis Joicey & Noakes, 1915; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1915 (2) : 184, pl. 23, f. 5-6, TL: Biak
Appias albina pulverobasalis ; [BAUR, 156]

A. a. caledonica (Felder, 1862)

New Caledonia melania var. caledonica (Felder, 1862) (Pieris); Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 12 (1/2) : 495
Pieris psyche C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 166, TL: New Caledonia
Appias albina psyche ; [BAUR, 156]

A. a. wallacei (Butler, 1898)

New Hebrides Catophaga wallacei Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 2 (11): 399, TL: New Hebrides
Appias albina wallacei ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

Misidentified/misapplied:

Tachyris athama; Wallace, 1867, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : pl. 9, f. 1

A. a. korridona Grose-Smith, 1894

Appias korridona Grose-Smith, 1894; Novit. zool. 1 (2): 335, TL: Korrido
Appias albina korridona ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 6

Appias cardena (Hewitson, 1861)

-. See [About maps] Pieris cardena Hewitson, 1861; Ill. exot. Butts [1] (Pieris III-VI): [33], pl. [18], f. 17-18, TL: Borneo
Appias cardena ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 5]; [BOR, 156]

A. c. cardena

N.Borneo Appias cardena cardena ; [BOR, 156]

A. c. perakana (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

Peninsular Malaya, ?N.Sumatra Tachyris cardena perakana Fruhstorfer, 1902; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1) : 175, TL: Perak, Malaysia
Appias cardena perakana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias cardena perakana ; [BOR, 156]; [BMP: 91, pl. 8, f. 17-18]

A. c. hagar (Vollenhoven, 1865)

Sumatra Pieris hagar Vollenhoven, 1865; Faune ent. 2 (Monogr. Pierid.) : 38, pl. 4, f. 6
Appias cardena hagar ; [BOR, 156]

Appias epaphia (Cramer, [1779])

AF (south of Sahara). See [About maps] Diverse White African Albatross
Papilio epaphia Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): pl. 207, f. D, E, TL: Sierra Leone
Pieris matuta Doubleday, 1847; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (1) 20 : 64, TL: Fernando Po

= ; [NHM]

Pieris higinia Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 133

= ; [NHM]

Pieris malatha Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid. : 18, pl. 1, f. 4-5

= ; [NHM]

Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia ; [AfrL]

Larva on Capparis, Boscia, Niebuhria [EOB]

A. e. epaphia

Senegal - Zaire, W.Uganda (Bwamba Forest) Appias epaphia epaphia ; [BAFR, 93]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 4
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia epaphia ; [AfrL]

A. e. orbona (Boisduval, 1833)

E.Africa, S.Africa, Madagascar Pieris orbona Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid. : 18, pl. 1, f. 3
Appias epaphia orbona ; [BK, 146]
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia orbona ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

Larva on Boscia caffra, Capparis sp. [PBSA], Maerua, Cleome [BK]

A. e. contracta (Butler, 1888)

Comoro Is. Glutophrissa contracta Butler, 1888; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1888 : 75, TL: Wadelai
Appias epaphia contracta ; [BAFR, 93]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 5-6
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia contracta ; [AfrL]

Appias hombroni (Lucas, 1852)

-. See [About maps] Pieris hombroni Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (7): 325
Appias hombroni ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) hombroni ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

A. h. hombroni

Sulawesi (Palolo), Sangihe Appias hombroni hombroni ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) hombroni hombroni ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

A. h. tombugensis (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

E.Sulawesi Tachyris hombroni tombugensis Fruhstorfer, 1902; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1) : 175, TL: E.Celebes
Appias hombroni tombugensis ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) hombroni tombugensis ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

A. h. sulanorum (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

Sula Is. Tachyris hombroni sulanorum Fruhstorfer, 1902; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1) : 175, TL: Sula Is.
Appias hombroni sulanorum ; [BOR, 154]
Appias (Appias) hombroni sulanorum ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

Appias ithome (C. & R. Felder, 1859)

Sulawesi. See [About maps] Pieris ithome C. & R. Felder, 1859; Wien. ent. Monats. 3 (6): 180, TL: Celebes
?Appias ithome f. nigrocincta Martin, 1919; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 33 (1/2) (3/4): 87
Appias ithome ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 9]; [BOR, 158]
Appias (Appias) ithom ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

Larva on Capparis Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 108

Appias lalage (Doubleday, 1842)

Simla - Burma, Assam. See [About maps] Spot Puffin
Pieris lalage Doubleday, 1842; in Gray, Zool. Miscell.: 76, TL: Khasi Hills
Appias lalage lalage, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lalage ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 10]; [MRS, 242]

600x400 (~64Kb) underside India: Subansiri, 1.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

A. l. lalage

Assam - Upper Burma, Yunnan Catophaga pseudolalage Moore, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1) : 142, TL: Sikkim
Hiposcritia argyridina Butler, 1885; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 16 : 340, TL: Manipur
Appias lalage durvasa ab. confluens Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153, TL: Sikkim
Appias lalage lalage ; [BOR, 160]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 3

A. l. durvasa (Moore, [1858])

Nepal, Sikkim Pieris durvasa Moore, [1858]; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy 1 : 73, TL: N.India
Pieris durvasa Moore, 1857; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1857 (333) : 103, pl. 44, f. 6 [?4]
Appias lalage durvasa ; [BOR, 160]

A. l. mutina Fruhstorfer, 1910

N.Laos, N.Vietnam Appias lalage mutina Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153, pl. 59 c, TL: N.Vietnam
Appias lalage mutina ; [BOR, 160]

A. l. lageloides (Crowley, 1900)

Hainan Hiposcritia lageloides Crowley, 1900; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1900 (3) : 509, pl. 35, f. 2, TL: Hainan
Appias lalage lageloides ; [BOR, 160]; [MRS, 242]

Appias lalassis Grose-Smith, 1887

SE.Asia, Burma. See [About maps] Appias lalassis Grose-Smith, 1887; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 20 : 265, TL: Myanmar
Appias lalassis, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lalassis ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 10 (text)]; [BOR, 161]; [MRS, 242]

A. l. lalassis

S.Burma, Thailand, S.Yunnan Appias lalassis lalassis ; [BOR, 161]

A. l. indroides (Honrath, [1890])

Peninsular Malaya Pieris indroides Honrath, [1890]; Berl. ent. Z. 33 (2) : 403, f. 1, TL: Perak, Malaysia
Appias lalassis indroides ; [BOR, 161]; [BMP: 91, pl. 8, f. 16]

Appias lasti (Grose-Smith, 1889)

Natal, Moçambique - Kenya. See [About maps] Last's Albatross
Mylothris lasti Grose-Smith, 1889; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (14) : 124
Appias (Glutophrissa) lasti ; [AfrL]

Larva on Drypetes, Phyllanthus, Ritchiea [BK]

A. l. lasti

E.Kenya (coastal forest), Tanzania, Mozambique Appias lasti lasti ; [BK, 146]; [BAFR, 93]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 14
Appias (Glutophrissa) lasti lasti ; [AfrL]

A. l. natalensis Neustetter, 1927

Natal, Zululand?, S.Mozambigue Appias lasti natalensis ; [BAFR, 93 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) lasti natalensis ; [AfrL]

Appias leis (Geyer, [1832])

Burma. See [About maps] Catophaga leis Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : f. 771-772
ida (Lucas, 1852) (Pieris); Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (7): 335
Pieris agave C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9) : 286

= ; [NHM]

Pieris athama Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (7): 336

= ; [NHM]

Pieris alope Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 372

= ; [NHM]

?Tachyris sawela Fruhstorfer, 1896; Soc. Ent. 11 (14): 115, TL: Lombok I.
?Tachyris sawela ; Fruhstorfer, 1897, Berl. Ent. Zs. 41 (4) : 390, pl. 9, f. 8
leis ; [BIR, 430 (just name mentioned)]

A. l. jacquinotii (Lucas, 1852)

Pieris jacquinotii Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (7): 326
?Appias korridana Grose-Smith, 1894; Novit. zool. 1 (2): 335

A. l. urania (Wallace, 1867)

N.Celebes Tachyris urania Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 371, TL: Tondano, mtns of N.Celebes
zonderwani Toxopeus, 1950²

= Appias urania ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

Appias dohertyi Rothschild, 1892; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 5 (2) : 441, pl. 5, f. 1
Appias (Hiposcritia) urania ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 109

A. l. adamsoni (Moore, [1905])

Burma, Thailand, Indo-China Catophaga adamsoni Moore, [1905]; Lepidoptera Indica 7 : 4, pl. 551, f. 2a-e, TL: Tenasserim, Burma
Appias melania pseudoleis Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 155, pl. 61 a, TL: Thailand
Appias paulina adamsoni, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias paulina adamsoni ; [BOR, 156]
Appias leis adamsoni ; [Torben B. Larsen]

A. l. tambora (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Catophaga melania tambora Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 286, TL: Tambora, Sumbawa
Appias leis tambora ; [NHM]

A. l. athena (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

N.Borneo ?Catophaga melania athena Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 287, TL: Kina-Balu, N. Borneo
Catophaga melania athena Fruhstorfer, 1903; Soc. Ent. 18 (3) : 17, TL: Kina-Balu, N.Borneo
Appias leis athena ; [NHM]

A. l. emilia (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Sumba Catophaga melania emilia Fruhstorfer, 1903; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 287, TL: Sumba I.
Catophaga melania emilia Fruhstorfer, 1903; Soc. Ent. 18 (3) : 17, TL: Sumba I.
Appias leis emilia ; [NHM]

Appias nephele (Hewitson, 1861)

Philippines. See [About maps] Pieris nephele Hewitson, 1861; Ill. exot. Butts [1] (Pieris III-VI): [37], pl. [20], f. 33, TL: Philippine Islands
Appias nephele ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 15]; [BOR, 158]

A. n. nephele

Philippines (Luzon) Appias nephele nephele ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. dilutior (Staudinger, 1889)

Palawan Tachyris nephele var. dilutior Staudinger, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 21, TL: Palawan
Appias nephele dilutior ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 18

A. n. elis Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Mindanao) nephele elis Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152
Appias nephele elis ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. invitabilis Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Mindoro) nephele invitabilis Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152
Appias nephele invitabilis ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. aufidia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Basilan) nephele aufidia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152
Appias nephele aufidia ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. hostilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Sulu Is.) nephele hostilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152
Appias nephele hostilia ; [BOR, 158]

Appias perlucens (Butler, 1898)

Angola, Gold Coast. See [About maps] Phrissura perlucens Butler, 1898; Trans. ent. Soc. 1898 : 431, TL: Angola; Gold Coast
Appias perlucens ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 13
Appias (Glutophrissa) perlucens ; [AfrL]

Appias phaola (Doubleday, 1847)

Liberia - Uganda, Ethiopia, S.Sudan, Malawi - Kenya, Fernando Po. See [About maps] Congo White Dirty Albatross
Pieris phaola Doubleday, 1847; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (1) 20 : 63
?Pieris rhodanus Ward, 1871; Ent. mon. Mag. 8 : 58, TL: Cameroons

= Appias sylvia ; [NHM, ♂ ?]
= ; [NHM, ♀ ?]

Appias phaeola[sic] ♀-f. ochrea Bartel, 1905; Novit. Zool. 12 : 150, TL: Togo
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola ; [AfrL]

A. p. phaola

Ivory Coast - Cameroun Appias phaola phaola ; [BAFR, 92]
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola phaola ; [AfrL]

A. p. intermedia Dufrane, 1948

Zaire, W.Tanzania Appias phaola intermedia ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 10
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola intermedia ; [AfrL]

A. p. isokani (Grose-Smith, 1889)

NE.Tanzania, Kenya (coast) Belenois isokani Grose-Smith, 1889; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (14) : 123
?Mylothris nagare Grose-Smith, 1889; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (14) : 124
Appias phaola isokani ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; [BK, 145]
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola isokani ; [AfrL]

Appias remedios Schröder & Treadaway, 1990

Philippines (Panay). See [About maps] Appias remedios Schröder & Treadaway, 1990; 234
Appias remedios ; [BOR, 161]; [MRS, 242]

Appias sabina (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

AF (forested parts), Madagascar. See [About maps] Sabine Albatross
Pieris sabina C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 167
Papilio saba Fabricius, 1781; Spec. Ins. 2 : 56
Mylothris majungana Grose-Smith, 1891; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 7 (37) : 124, TL: NW.Madagascar

= Appias sabina majungana ; [NHM]

Appias weberi Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1) : 73, TL: Pangani

= ; [NHM]

Appias sabina ; [BK, 146]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina ; [AfrL]

Larva on Drypetes, Phyllanthus, Ritchiea, Boscia [BK]

A. s. sabina

W.Uganda - Zaire, Nigeria, Sierra Leone Appias sabina sabina ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; [BK, 146 (note)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina sabina ; [AfrL]

A. s. comorensis Talbot, 1943

Comoro Is. sabina comorensis Talbot, 1943; Entomologist 76: 166, TL: Comoro Is.
Appias sabina comorensis ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina comorensis ; [AfrL]

A. s. confusa (Butler, 1872)

Magascar Belenois confusa Butler, 1872; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1872 (3) : 55, TL: Madagascar
Appias sabina confusa ; [BAFR, 92]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina confusa ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

A. s. udei Suffert, 1904

N.Kenya (Mt. Marsabit) - Malawi, E.Rhodesia (Chirinda) Phrissura phoebe Butler, [1901]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1900 (4) : 936, pl. 58, f. 6-7 (preocc. Pieris phoebe Felder, 1861)
Appias udei Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1) : 75, TL: Dar-es-Salaam
Appias haendeli Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1) : 76, TL: Dar-es-Salaam

= ; [NHM]

Appias sabina phoebe ; [BAFR, 92]; [BK, 146 (note)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina phoebe ; [AfrL]
Appias sabina udei ; [PBSA]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 7-9

Appias wardii (Moore, 1884)

S.India. See [About maps] Catophaga wardii Moore, 1884; J. asiat. Soc. Bengal 53 Pt.II (1) : 43, TL: Coonoor, Nilgiris, S.India
wardi ; [BIR, 431]
Appias wardii ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 20]

30.4.2012 (37)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[AfrL]

Mark C. Williams; Checklist of Afrotropical Papilionoidea and Hesperoidea; Compiled by Mark C. Williams, 7th ed. (2008) (April 2007); e-mail: Mark C. Williams

[BAFR]

D'Abrera, 1980; Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region

[BAMONA]

Paul Opler, Harry Pavulaan, Ray Stanford, Michael Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node

[BAUR]

D'Abrera, 1977; Butterflies of the Australian Region (2nd edn)

[BCA]

electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA

[BHL]

The; Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!

[BIR]

Wynter-Blyth, M. A., 1957; Butterflies of the Indian Region; (1982 Reprint)

[BK]

Larsen, Torben B., 1996; The Butterflies of Kenya and their natural history

[BMP]

Eliot (Ed.), Corbet & Pendlebury, 1992; The Butterflies of The Malay Peninsula; 4th edition; ISBN 983-9681-05-2

[BOA]

Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America

[BOR]

D'Abrera, B., 1982, 1985, 1986; Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part I-III

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[Bruce Walsh]

Bruce Walsh; e-mail: Bruce Walsh; The Moths of Southeastern Arizona; Butterflies of Southeastern Arizona

[Don Herbison-Evans]

and Stella A. Crossley; Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans

[EBW]

Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6

[EOB]

Feltwell, J.; The Encyclopedia of Butterflies; Prentice Hall, 1993; ISBN 0-671-86828-4

[EcuL]

Tommaso & Luigi Racheli, 2001; An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae); Fragmenta entomologica 33 (2): 213-380

[HBN]

Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2

[Heiner Ziegler]

Switzerland / Schweiz; www.pieris.ch

[ILMB]

Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies

[JLS]

Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles

[John Shuey]

e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org

[Kedar Tokekar]

India

[LAMAS-2005]

Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)

[LAMAS-NEO]

Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)

[MRS]

Chou Io (Ed.); Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2

[MadL]

Lees, D.C., Kremen, C. and Raharitsimba, H. 2003; in S.M. Goodman & J. P. Benstead (eds.), The Natural History of Madagascar; Classification, Diversity and Endemism of the Butterflies (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea): A Revised Species Checklist: : pp. 762-793; University of Chicago Press. 1709 pp.

[NAB]

Pyle, R. M.; National Audubon Society: Field Guide to North American Butterflies; 1981; ISBN 0-394-51914-0

[NACL]

Hodges, Ronald W. (ed.), 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico

[NHM]

Natural History Museum; The Global Lepidoptera Names Index

[NL4A]

Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea

[Oleg Kosterin]

Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/

[Olli Vesikko]

http://koti.welho.com/ovesikko/

[Opler]

Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.

[PBSA]

Dickson, C.G.C (ed.), Kroon, D.M.; Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa; AD. DONKER 1978

[Pierre Zagatti]

WWW pages; Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles; e-mail: Pierre Zagatti

[S. Shuichi Haupt]

e-mail: S. Shuichi Haupt; http://www.tu-berlin.de/fb7/ioeb/biologie/stefan.htm

[Simon Coombes]

1 Park Street, Plymouth, PL3 4BL, UK; 01752 607854; e-mail: Simon Coombes; http://www.butterfly-guide.co.uk

[Wahlberg]

Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group

[Yutaka Inayoshi]

A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China; Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM

[²]

This may require parentheses or not. I don't have the necessary information for this taxon.

Some related literature:

d'Almeida, 1921

Notes sur quelques lépidoptères d'Amérique du sud Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 90 : 57-65

d'Almeida, 1939

Revisão do gênero Appias (subgên. Glutophrissa Butl.) (Lepidoptera) Boletim Biológico (n.s.) 4 (1): 50-66

Bartel, 1905

Neue Aethiopische Rhopalocera des Kgl. Museums für Naturkunde in Berlin Novit. Zool. 12 : 129-152

Boisduval, 1832

Voyage de découvertes de l'Astrolabe exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826-1827-1828-1829, sous le commandément de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'Océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage. Lépidoptères in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.) 1 : 1-267, pl. 1-5

Boisduval, 1833

Faune Entomologique de Madagascar, Bourbon et Maurice. Lépidoptéres Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid. : 1-122, pl. 1-16, : (Repaged offprint from Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. nat. Paris 2 (2) : 149-270)

Boisduval, 1836

Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptéres. Tome Premier Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 1-690, pl. 1-24

Brown & Mielke, 1967

Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera (continued) J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 145-168

Butler, 1867

Description of new or little-known Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 20 (120) : 399-404, pl. 8-9

Butler, 1870

Descriptions of some new diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly Hesperiidae Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4) : 485-520

Butler, 1872

A synonymic List of the Species formerly included in the Genus Pieris; with all others described since Subdivision of the Group by recent Authors Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1872 (3) : 26-67

Butler, 1879

The butterflies of Malacca Trans. linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 1 (8) : 533-568, pl. 68-69

Butler, 1882

Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera, chiefly from Duke of York Island and New Britain Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (55): 36-43, (56): 149-160, (57): 226-238

Butler, 1883

The Lepidoptera collected during the recent expedition of H.M.S. "Challenger." Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (66) : 402-428

Butler, 1885

On a Collection of Lepidoptera made at Manipur and on the Borders of Assam by Dr. George Watt Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 16 : 298-310, pl. 8, : 334-347

Butler, 1886

On a Collection of Lepidoptera made by Commander Alfred Carpenter, R. N., in Upper Burma, in the Winter of 1885-86 Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 18 (105) : 182-191

Butler, 1887

A new genus of Pierinae allied to Appias Ent. mon. Mag. 23 : 248-249

Butler, 1888

On the Lepidoptera received from Dr. Emin Pascha [from Equatorial Africa] Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1888 : 56-85

Butler, 1897

On a collection of Lepidoptera from Nyasa-land presented to the museum by Sir Harry Johnston, K.C.B, and collected by Mr. J. B. Yule Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1896 : 851-855, pl. 43

Butler, 1898

On the Pierine Butterflies of the Genus Catophaga Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 2 (11): 392-401, (12): 458-467

Butler, 1898

On some new species of African Pierinae in the collection of the British Museum, with notes on seasonal forms of Belenois Trans. ent. Soc. 1898 : 431-438

Butler, [1901]

On two consignments of Butterflies collected by Mr. Richard Crawshay in the Kikuyu Country of British E. Africa in 1899 and 1900 Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1900 (4) : 911-946, pl. 58

Cramer, [1777]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)

Cramer, [1779]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 1-104, pl. 193-252 (1779), (22): 105-128, pl. 253-264 ([1780]), (23-24): 129-176, pl. 265-288 (1780)

Crowley, 1900

On the butterflies collected by the late Mr. John Whitehead in the interior of the Island of Hainan Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1900 (3) : 505-511, pl. 35

Dalman, 1823

Analecta Entomologica. Holimae. Typis Lindhianis Analecta Entomologica: vii + 104pp + [105-108]

de Nicéville, 1898

On New and Little-Known Butterflies from the Indo-Malayan, Austro-Malayan and Australian Regions J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 12 (1) : 131-161, pl. X-Z,AA

Doubleday, 1847

On some undescribed species of Lepidoptera in the Society's Colletion Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (1) 20 : 63-66

K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991

Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Pushlished by authors, Melbourne Review Austr. Butts. (1-4):

Dyar, 1903

A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723

Eschscholtz, 1821

Beschreibung neuer ausländischer Schmetterling in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 201-219, 11pls

Fabricius, 1775

Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Syst. Ent.: 832pp

Fabricius, 1781

Species Insectorum Exhibentes Eorum Differentia Specifica, Synonyma Auctorum, Loca Natalia, Metamorphosin Adiectis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus. Tom II Spec. Ins. 2 : 1-494 (1781), : 495-514 (appendix), 515-517 (index) ([1782])

Felder, 1860

Lepidopterorum Amboienensium species novae diagnosibus Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 (11): 448-462

Felder, 1862

Verzeichniss der von den Naturforschern der k. k. Fregatte Novara gesammelten Macropepidoteren Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 12 (1/2) : 473-496

C. & R. Felder, 1859

Lepidopterologische Fragmente. I-IV Wien. ent. Monats. 3 (6): 178-186, pl. 3-4, (9): 263-273, pl. 5, (11): 321-328, pl. 6, (12): 390-405, pl. 7-9

C. & R. Felder, 1861

Lepidoptera nova a Dr. Carolo Semper in Insulis Philippinis collecta diagnosibus. (1) Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (10) : 297-306

C. & R. Felder, 1862

Lepidoptera nova a Dr. Carolo Semper in Insulis Philippinis collecta diagnosibus. (2) Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9) : 282-294

C. & R. Felder, [1865]

Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (1): 1-136, pl. 1-21 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, [1865]), (2): 137-378, pl. 22-47 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1865), (3): 379-536, pl. 48-74 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1867), (4): 537-548, pl. 75-120, (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-9 (pl. 1-74), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) , (5): pl. 121-140, (erklärung) 1-10 (pl. 75-107), (Inhalts-Vers.) 1-20 (pl. 108-140), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)

Fruhstorfer, 1896

Neue Lepidopteren aus Lombok. I-IV Soc. Ent. 11 (13): 107-108 (1 October, 1896), (14): 115-116 (15 October, 1896), (15): 123-124 (1 November, 1896), (17): 140 (1 December, 1896), (21): 172 (1 February, 1897)

Fruhstorfer, 1897

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem malayischen Archipel Ent. Nachr. 23 (4) : 59-64 ([15] February)

Fruhstorfer, 1897

Neue und wenig bekannte Lepidopteren aus dem malayischen Archipel Berl. Ent. Zs. 41 (4) : 377-399, pl. 9 (end May)

Fruhstorfer, 1898

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem Indo-malayischen Archipel Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (3/4) : 311-343 (mid July)

Fruhstorfer, 1899

Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Fauna der Liu-Kiu-Inseln Stettin ent. Ztg 59 (10-12) : 405-420 (June)

Fruhstorfer, 1899

Uebersicht der Indo-Australischen Danaiden und Beschreibung neuer Formen Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 64-87 (mid July)

Fruhstorfer, 1900

Rhopalocera Bazilana. Verzeichniss der von W. Doherty auf der Insel Bazilan gesammelten Tagfalter Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 1-38 (early August), 44 (3/4): [331], pl. 2, f. 1-6 (1899)

Fruhstorfer, 1902

Neue Lepidopteren aus dem Indo-Malayischen Gebiet Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1) : 169-178 (early September)

Fruhstorfer, 1903

Verzeichniss der in Tonkin, Annam und Siam gesammelten Pieriden und Besprechung verwandter Formen Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (2) : 269-305 (1 May)

Fruhstorfer, 1903

Neue Pieriden aus dem Indo-Australischen Gebiet Soc. Ent. 18 (3) : 17-18 (1 May)

Fruhstorfer, 1905

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem Indo-Australischen Gebiet Ent. Zs. 19 (9): 45-47, f. 1-5 (1 June), (10): 51 (8 June), (11): 55-57, f. 6-9 (15 June), (12): 63-64, f. 10 (22 June)

Fruhstorfer, 1906

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Rhopaloceren der Batu-Inseln an der S.-W.-Küste von Sumatra Ent Zs. 20 (15): 98-99 (15 July), (16): 105-106 (22 July)

Fruhstorfer, 1908

Neue ostasiatische Rhopaloceren Ent. Wochenbl. 25 (9): 37-38 (27 February), (10): 41 (5 March)

Fruhstorfer, 1910

2. Familie: Pieridae, Weisslinge in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 119-120 (1909), : 121-144 (14 January, 1910), : 145-152 (11 February, 1910), : 153-168 (2 April, 1910), : 169-176 (4 April, 1910), : 177-190 (20 May, 1910)

Fruhstorfer, 1913

Neue Indo-Australiche[sic] Rhopaloceren Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (3) : 130-139 ([14 October])

Fruhstorfer, 1913

Neue Rhopaloceren Ent. Rundschau 30 (23) : 133-134 (13 December)

Godart, 1819

in Latreille & Godart, Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire naturelle Entomologie. 9 Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 3-328 (1819), (2): 329-828 ([1824])

Godman & Salvin, [1889]

Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112

Grose-Smith, 1887

Descriptions of eight new Species of Asiatic Butterflies Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 20 : 265-268

Grose-Smith, 1887

Description of six new Species of Butterflies captured by Mr. John Whitehead at Kina Balu Mountain, North Borneo, in the collection of Mr. H. Grose Smith Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 20 : 432-435

Grose-Smith, 1889

Descriptions of twenty-four new Species of Butterflies captured by Mr. Last in the neighbourhood of Mombasa, East Coast of Africa, in the Collection of Mr. H. Grose Smith Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (14) : 121-137

Grose-Smith, 1891

Descriptions of Ten new Species of Butterflies from the North-west Coast of Madagascar, captured by Mr. J. T. Last, in the Collection of Mr. H. Grose Smith Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 7 (37) : 122-128

Grose-Smith, 1892

Descriptions of Three new Species of Butterflies captured by Mr. D. Cator in British North Borneo, in the Collection of Mr. Grose Smith Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 10 (60) : 426-428

Grose-Smith, 1894

An Account of a Collection of Diurnal Lepidoptera from New Guinea (Parts I-III) - made by Mr. W. Doherty at Humboldt Bay, Dutch New Guinea, and in neighbouring islands, in the Museum of the honourable Walter Rothschild at Tring, with descriptions of new species Novit. zool. 1 (2): 331-365, (2): 543-551, (3): 571-584

Grose-Smith, 1895

Descriptions of new species of butterflies, captured by Mr. Doherty in the islands of the Eastern Archipelago, and now in the Museum of the Hon. Walter Rothschild at Tring Novit. Zool. 2 (2): 75-85, (4): 505-514

Hall, 1936

The butterflies of St. Kitts Entomologist 69 : 274-278

Hemming, 1967

Generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Ent.), Suppl.: -

Hewitson, 1861

Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson. Ill. exot. Butts [1] : (Systematic Index) I, (Ornithoptera and Papilio): [1-2], pl. [1] (1855), (Papilio II): [3-4], pl. [2] (1856), (Papilio III): [5-6], pl. [3] (1858), (Papilio IV): [7-8], pl. [4] (1859), (Papilio V): [9-10], pl. [5] (1861), (Papilio VI): [11-12], pl. [6] (1864), (Papilio VII-VIII): [13-16], pl. [7-8] (1865), (Papilio IX): [17-18], pl. [9] (1868), (Papilio X-XII): [19-22], pl. [10-12] (1869), (Papilio XIII): [23-24], pl. [13] (1873), (Papilio XIV): [25-26], pl. [14] (1875), (Papilio XV): [27-28], pl. [15] (1877), (Pieris I): [29-30], pl. [16] (1852), (Pieris II): [31-32], pl. [17] (1853), (Pieris III-VI): [33-40], pl. [18-21] (1861), (Pieris VII): [41-42], pl. [22] (1862), (Pieris VIII): [43-44], pl. [23] (1866), (Euterpe): [45-46], pl. [24] (1860), (Euterpe II): [47-48], pl. [25] (1872), (Euterpe and Leptalis): [49-50], pl. [26] (1853), (Leptalis II): [51-52], pl. [27] (1857), (Leptalis III): [53-54], pl. [28] (1858), (Leptalis IV): [55-56], pl. [29] (1860), (Leptalis V-VII): [57-62], pl. [30-32] (1870), (Callidryas and Eronia): [63-64], pl. [33] (1867), (Euploea): [65-66], pl. [34] (1858), (Euploea II): [67-68], pl. [35] (1866), (Heliconia I): [69-70], pl. [36] (1853), (Heliconia II-III): [71-74], pl. [37-38] (1854), (Heliconia IV): [75-76], pl. [39] (1858), (Heliconia V): [77-78], pl. [40] (1867), (Heliconia VI): [79-80], pl. [41] (1871), (Heliconia and Tithorea VII): [81-82], pl. [42] (1873), (Heliconia VIII): [83-84], pl. [43] (1875), (Athesis): [85-86], pl. [44] (1872), (Mechanitis I): [87-88], pl. [45] (1856), (Mechanitis II-III): [89-92], pl. [46-47] (1860), (Ithomia I): [93-94], pl. [48] (1851), (Ithomia II): [95-96], pl. [49] (1852), (Ithomia III): [97-98], pl. [50] (1853), (Ithomia IV-V): [99-102], pl. [51-52] (1854), (Ithomia VI-XIII): [103-118], pl. [53-60] (1855)

Honrath, [1890]

Neue Rhopalocera (9) Berl. ent. Z. 33 (2) : 403-404

Hopffer, 1874

Beitrag zur Lepidoptera-Fauna von Celebes Stettin ent. Ztg 35 (1-3) : 17-47

Hübner, [1825]

Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge, Vol. 2 ([1819] - [1827]) Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [90], [180], [223] (1819), : pl. [2], [12], [16], [78], [141], [182] (1820), : pl. [11], [13], [24], [77], [83], [97], [102-103], [108-109], [116-117], [122], [147], [150], [164], [183], [195], [197], [212-214] (1821), : pl. [14], [18-19], [26], [38-39], [43], [68], [70-71], [74], [84], [86], [92], [94-95], [106], [114], [121], [161], [169], [174], [177-178], [184], [194], [200], [204-205], [207-208], [210] (1821), : pl. [33], [72], [76], [115], [131], [138-139], [153], [198], [211], [218], [220] (1822), : pl. [32], [75], [81], [93], [105], [129] (1822), : pl. [1], [6], [22-23], [25], [27], [29-31], [34-37], [40-42], [48], [50-53], [56], [58-59], [64-66], [69], [73], [87], [89], [91], [96], [98-101], [110], [124], [128], [130], [132-137], [142], [155-158], [160], [162-163], [165-167], [170-173], [175-176], [187-188], [196], [199], [201-202], [206], [215-216], [219], [222], [224] (1823), : pl. [54], [118], [143], [149], [159] [179], [181], [185], [203], [217] (1824), : pl. [3-5], [8-10], [15], [20], [45], [49], [55], [60], [62-63], [67], [79-80], [88], [104], [111-113], [120], [125], [127], [140], [144-146], [148], [151-152], [154], [168], [189-193], [221], [225] (1825), : pl. [7], [17], [21], [28], [44], [46-47], [57], [61], [82], [123], [126] (1826), : pl. [85], [119], [186], [209] (1827), : (Index Systematicus) [1-4] (1827-1832)

Hübner, [1819]

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])

Hübner, [1823]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 2 [1819-] 1823 Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : [1-3], 4-6, [7], 8-32, [33-40] (1823), : pl. [36-38], f. 201-218 (1819), : pl. [39-66], f. 219-382 (1819 - 1821), : pl. [67-69], f. 383-400 (1821 - 1822)

Geyer in Hübner, [1832]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 4 [1826]-1832 Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : pl. [104-131], f. 601-764 (1826), : pl. [132-137], f. 765-800 (1827 - 1831), : [1-3], 4-6, [7], 8-48 (1832)

Geyer, [1837]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 5 [1833]-1837 in Hübner, Zuträge. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5 : [1-3], 4, [5], 6-52 (1837), : pl. [138-151], f. 801-880 (1833), : pl. [152-172], f. 881-1000 (1834 - 1836)

Joicey & Noakes, 1915

New Butterflies and a Moth from Biak Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1915 (2) : 177-197, pl. 21-28

Joicey & Talbot, 1922

New forms of butterflies from the Sula Is., and the Islands of Obi, Aru, and Tenimber Bull. Hill Mus. 1 (2) : 346-349

Kalis, 1933

Bijdrage tot de kennis van de Lepidoptera Rhopalocera van Nederlandsch-Indië Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 47-86

Kaye, 1920

New specis and sub-species of S. American Lepidoptera Ent. Rec. J. Var. 32 (10) : 187-189

Lamas, 1981

Notes on Peruvian butterflies (Lepidoptera) VI. Twelve new Pieridae Rev. Ciencias UNMSM 73 (1): 44-53

Lucas, 1852

Description de nouvelles Espèces de Lépidoptères appartenant aux Collections entomologiques du Musée de Paris Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (3): 128-141 (1852), 4 (4): 189-198 (1852), 4 (6): 290-300 (1852), 4 (7): 324-343 (1852), 4 (9): 422-432, pl. 10 (1852), 5 (7): 310-322 (1853)

Martin, 1919

Die Tagfalter der Insel Celebes. 3. Fortsetzung Dt. ent. Z. Iris 33 (1/2) (1/2): 48-64, (3/4): 65-98

Matsumura, 1909

Die Pieriden Japans Ent. Zs. 23 (18) : 87-88

Moore, 1857

Description of some new Species of Lepidopterous Insects from Northern India Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1857 (333) : 102-104, pl. 44-45

Moore, [1858]

A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy 1: : 1-278, pl. 1-12,1a,2a,3a,4a,5a,6a

Moore, [1866]

On the Lepidopterous Insects of Bengal Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865 (3) : 755-823, pl. 41-43

Moore, 1877

Descriptions of Asiatic Diurnal Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115) : 43-52

Moore, 1878

List of Lepidopterous Insects collected by the late R. Swinhoe in the Island of Hainan Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3) : 695-708

Moore, [1879]

A list of the Lepidopterous Insects collected by Mr. Ossian Limborg in Upper Tenasserim, with Descriptions of new Species Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4) : 821-859, pl. 51-53 (1879)

Moore, 1879

Descriptions of new Asiatic Diurnal Lepidoptera Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1) : 136-144

Moore, 1881

Descriptions of new Asiatic diurnal Lepidoptera Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1881 (3) : 305-313

Moore, [1881]

The Lepidoptera of Ceylon Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 1-40, pl. 1-18, (2): 41-80, pl. 19-36, (3): 81-136, pl. 37-54, (4): 137-190, pl. 55-71

Moore, 1884

Descriptions of some new Asiatic diurnal Lepidoptera; chiefly from specimens contained in the Indian Museum, Calcutta J. asiat. Soc. Bengal 53 Pt.II (1) : 16-52

Moulton, 1923

Some Pierine Butterflies new to Malaya J. Malay. Brch. R. Asiat. Soc. 1 (1): 233-236

Pelham, 2008

A catalogue of the butterflies of the United States and Canada J. Res. Lepid. 40: 1-652

Ribbe, 1898

Beiträge zur Lepidopteren-Fauna des Bismarck- und Salomon-Archipels in der Süd-See Dt. ent. Z. Iris 11 (1): 35-133, 12 (1): 219-260

Ribeiro, 1931

Lepidópteros de Matto Grosso. Material colligido pelos senhores General Càndido Rondón, Prof. Alípio de Miranda-Ribeiro e Emille Stolle Bol. Mus. nac. Rio de Janeiro 7 (1) : 31-52

Rothschild, 1892

Notes on a Collection of Lepidoptera made by William Doherty in Southern Celebes during August and September 1891. Part I, Rhopalocera Dt. ent. Z. Iris 5 (2) : 429-442

Rothschild, 1896

New Lepidoptera Novit. Zool. 3 (2): 91-99, (3): 322-328

Röber, 1891

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Indo-Australischen Lepidopteren-Fauna Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 261-334 (1891), 35: 85-86, pl. 3-6 (1892)

Röber, [1908]; Röber, [1909]

2. Familie: Pieridae, Weisslinge in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 5 : 53-56 (25 May 1908), : 57-64 (26 Sep 1908), : 65-72 (26 Nov 1908), : 73-80 (16 Feb 1909), : 81-88 (19 Feb 1909), : 89-96 (26 Mar 1909), : 97-104 (26 Apr 1909), : 105-111 (21 May 1909)

Scott, 1981

New Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea from North America Papilio (n.s.) 1: 1-12

Scudder, 1875

Historical Sketch of the Generic Names proposed for Butterflies: A Contribution to Systematic Nomenclature Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 10 (2) : 91-293

Semper, 1875

Die philippinischen Arten der Pieriden-Gattung Tachyris Stettin Ent. Ztg. 36 (10-12) : 393-410

Skinner, 1894

Tachyris ilaire n. var. neumoegenii Ent. News 5 (3) : 110, pl. 4

Snellen, 1890

Aanteekeninge over de Lepidoptera van het eiland Tanah-Djampea bij Celebes Tijdschr. Ent. 33 : 267-278, pl. 11

Staudinger, 1884

Exotische Tagfalter in sysmatischer Reihenfolge mit Berücksichtigung neuer Arten in Staudinger & Schatz, Exot. Schmett. 1 (1): 3-6, pl. 1-5 (1884), (2): 7-10, pl. 6-10 (1884), (3): 11-14, pl. 11-15 (1884), (4): 15-22, pl. 16-20 (1884), (5): 23-30, pl. 21-25 (1884), (6): 31-38, pl. 26-30 (1884), (7): 39-46, pl. 31-35 (1885), (8): 47-58, pl. 30-40 (1885), (9): 59-82, pl. 41-50 (1885), (10): 83-102, pl. 51-60 (1885), (11): 103-122, pl. 61-65 (1886), (12): 123-138, pl. 66-70 (1886), (13): 139-158, pl. 71-75 (1886), (14): 159-174, pl. 76-80 (1886), (15): 175-194, pl. 81-85 (1887), (16): 195-214, pl. 86-90 (1887), (17): 215-234, pl. 91-95 (1887), (18): 235-270, pl. 96-98 (1888), (19): 1-2,271-333, pl. 99-100 (1888)

Staudinger, 1889

Lepidoptera der Insel Palawan Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 3-180, pl. 1-2

Stoll, [1780]; Stoll, [1781]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780), (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781), (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)

Stoll, [1790]

Aanhangsel van het Werk, de Uitlandsche Kapellen Aanhaangsel Werk, Uitl. Kapellen (1): 1-42, pl. 1-8 (1787), (2-5): 43-184, pl. 9-42 (1790)

Suffert, 1904

Neue afrikansche Tagfalter aus dem kön. zool. Museum, Berlin, und meiner Sammlung Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1) : 12-107, pl.

Swinhoe, 1885

On the Lepidoptera of Bombay and the Deccan. Part I-IV Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 : 124-148, pl. 9 (I. Rhopalocera), : 287-307, pl. 20-21 (II. Heterocera), : 447-476, pl. 27-28 (III. Heterocera), : 852-886, pl. 56-57 (IV. Heterocera)

Swinhoe, 1889

On new Indian Lepidoptera, chiefly Heterocera Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1889 (4) : 396-431, pl. 43-44

Swinhoe, 1890

New Species of Indian Butterflies Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5 (29) : 353-365

Talbot, 1932

New forms of African Lepidoptera Bull. Hill Mus. 4: 170-177

Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003

The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island faunda Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 3-268, pl. 1-16

Vollenhoven, 1865

Essai d'une Faune Entomologique de l'Archipel Indo-Néerlandais, Seconde monographie: Famille des Piérides Faune ent. 2 (Monogr. Pierid.) : 1-70, pl. 1-7

Vollenhoven, 1866

Description de deux nouvelles espèces de Piérides et de la femelle de P. polisma Tijdschr. Ent. 9 : 57-60, pl. 1-2

Wallace, 1866

in Wallace & Moore, List of Lepidopterous insects collected at Takow, Formosa, by Mr. Robert Swinhoe Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2) : 355-365

Wallace, 1867

On the Pieridae of the Indian and Australian Regions Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3) : 301-416, pl. 6-9

Ward, 1871

Descriptions of new species of African diurnal Lepidoptera Ent. mon. Mag. 8 : 34-36, 58-60, 81-82, 118-122

Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914

The Butterflies of Australia, a Monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera, introducing ... Butts Australia: 239pp, 42 pls

Westwood, 1888

List of diurnal Lepidoptera collected in northern Celebes by Dr Hickson Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888 (3) : 467-475, pl. 12

Weymer, 1887

Exotische Lepidopteren. IV Stettin ent. Ztg 48 (1-3) : 3-18, pl. 1-2

Winhard, 2000

Pieridae I Butterflies of the world, 10: (1) 40pp, (2) 48pls

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.