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Battus Scopoli, 1777

Battus Scopoli, 1777; Introd. Hist. nat.: 433, TS: Papilio polydamas Linnaeus
Laertias Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 84, TS: Papilio philenor Linnaeus

= ; [NL4A, 90]

Ithoballus Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 88, TS: Papilio polydamas Linnaeus

= ; [NL4A, 90]

Battuosa Möhn, 1999

= ; [NL4A, 90]

Laertiades ; Doubleday, [1846], Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 5 (missp.)
Ithobalus ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4 (missp.)
Battus (Battiti) ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 1
Battus (Battina) ; [NL4A, 90]

Battus devilliersii (Godart, 1823)

Cuba, Bahamas. See [About maps] Papilio devilliers Godart, 1823; Mém. Soc. linn. Paris 2: pl. 1, f. 3-4, TL: Cuba
Papilio devilliers ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 514
Battus devilliers ; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 2 (text only)]
Battus (Battus) devilliersi ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 2, pl. 1, f. 5-8
Battus devilliersii ; [NL4A, #46]

Larva on Aristolochia elegans Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 2

Battus philenor (Linnaeus, 1771)

-. See [About maps] Pipevine Swallowtail Blue Swallowtail
Papilio philenor Linnaeus, 1771; Mantissa Plant. 2: 535, TL: "America"
Battus philenor philenor, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus philenor philenor, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Battus philenor, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Battus philenor, Georgia Lepidoptera (USA) [GALEPS]
Battus philenor philenor, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Papilio philenor ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 204, 3: pl. 65, f. 18, 18a
Laertias philenor ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
Papilio philenor ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 510
Battus philenor ; [NACL, #4157]; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 1]; [BNR]; [BOC, 115]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #52]

800x907 (~97Kb) USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia, "Butterlfy garden", Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	1200x839 (~120Kb) larva USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	650x899 (~82Kb) USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 3.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela
769x1645 (~155Kb) larva USA: Alabama, 12.5.2001, Photo © Vitaly Charny	700x976 (~79Kb) larva USA: Alabama, 12.5.2001, Photo © Vitaly Charny	656x650 (~106Kb) upperside female USA: Alabama, 3.4.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1400x1050 (~280Kb) upperside male USA: Alabama, 1.4.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1200x1074 (~183Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 3.4.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1600x1162 (~165Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 5.6.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny

Larva on Aristolochia macrophylla, A. serpentaria, A. californica, A. longiflora [NAB]

B. p. philenor

S.Ontario, New England - Florida, S.Ontario - Nebraska - Texas - Arizona, California, Oregon, Mexico, Guatemala Papilio astinous Drury, [1773]; Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 1 : pl. 11, f. 1, 4, TL: New York; Maryland; Virginia

= ; [NL4A, #52a]

Papilio philenor var. obsoleta Ehrmann, 1900; Can. Ent. 32 (11) : 348, TL: Pennsylvania

= ; [NL4A, #52a]

Papilio philenor ab. wasmuthii Weeks, 1901; J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 9 : 82, TL: New York

= ; [NL4A, #52a]

Papilio serpenteriae Fabricius, 1938; (repl. name)

= ; [NL4A, #52a]

Papilio philenor philenor ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 512
Laertias philenor obsoleta ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
Laertias philenor wasmuthi ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
Battus (Battus) philenor philenor ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 2, pl. 2, f. 3-4, pl. 16, f. 1-2
Battus philenor philenor ; [NL4A, #52a]

B. p. insularis Vázquez, 1957

N.Mexico (Baja California) philenor insularis Vázquez, 1957; , TL: Baja California
Battus philenor insularis, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus philenor insularis, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Battus (Battus) philenor insularis ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 8: 4, pl. 4, f. 7
Battus philenor insularis ; [NL4A, #52d]

B. p. hirsuta (Skinner, 1908)

California philenor hirsuta (Skinner, 1908) (Papilio); , TL: Plumas Co., California
tr.f. inghami (Gunder, 1927) (Papilio); , TL: USA(California)

= ; [NL4A, #52c]

Battus philenor hirsuta ; [NACL, #4157a]
Battus (Battus) philenor hirsuta ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 2, f. 1-2
Battus philenor hirsuta ; [NL4A, #52c]

Larva on Aristolochia californica Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3

B. p. acauda (Oberthür, 1879)

New Mexico, SE.Mexico Papilio acauda Oberthür, 1879; Étud. d'Ent. 4 : 98
Papilio nezahualcoyotl Strecker, 1885; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 37 (12): 174, TL: New Mexico

= Laertias acauda ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
= ; [NL4A, #52b]

Papilio corbis Godman & Salvin, 1889; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (16) : 357, TL: Mexico, Yucatán, Valladolid

= Laertias acauda ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
= ; [NL4A, #52b]

Battus philenor acauda, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus philenor acauda, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Papilio corbis ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 205, 3: pl. 66, f. 7-8
Laertias acauda ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
Battus (Battus) philenor acauda ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 2, f. 5-6, pl. 16, f. 3-4
Battus philenor acauda ; [NL4A, #52b]

B. p. orsua (Godman & Salvin, 1889)

Marias Islands Papilio orsua Godman & Salvin, 1889; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (16) : 358, TL: Mexico, Nayarit, Tres Marias Islands
Papilio orsua ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 205, 3: pl. 55, f. 9-10
Papilio philenor orsua ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 514
Battus (Battus) philenor orsua ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 2, f. 7-8
Battus philenor orsua ; [NL4A, #52e]

Battus polydamas (Linnaeus, 1758)

-. See [About maps] Polydamas Swallowtail Gold-rim Swallowtail
Papilio polydamas Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 460, TL: "Hibisco mutabitis America"
Battus polydamas polydamas, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus polydamas polydamas, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Battus polydamas, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
polydamus ; McDunnough, 1938, (missp.)
Papilio polydamas ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 200, 3: pl. 65, f. 14; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 517
Laertias polydamas ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 4
Battus polydamas ; [NACL, #4158]; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 2]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #53]

Larva on Aristolochia veraguensis [BCR]

Mentioned by Linnaeus description, is really Papilio androgeus

468x595 (~50Kb) Plate No. 31 © MERIAN

Honey & Scoble, 2001, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 132: 284

B. p. polydamas

Tropical America (continetal) Papilio anguicidas Fabricius, 1938; (repl. name)

= ; [NL4A, #53a]

Papilio polydamas polydamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 520
Battus (Battus) polydamas polydamas ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 156; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 3, f. 1-8, pl. 16, f. 5-6
Battus polydamas polydamas ; [BCR, 68]; [John Shuey]; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #53a]

B. p. psittacus (Molina, 1782)

NE.Chile, ?W.Argentina (Mendoza) Papilio psittacus Molina, 1782; Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili: 211, 347, TL: Chile
Papilio archidamas Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 321, TL: Chile

= ; [NL4A, #53o]

Papilio bias Kirby, 1871; Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep. : 521 (preocc. Fabricius, 1787), TL: Chile

= ; [NL4A, #53o]

lindeni (Ehrmann, 1926) (Papilio); , TL: "Argentina"

= ; [NL4A, #53o]

Papilio archidamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 516
Battus (Battus) archidamas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5, pl. 6, f. 7-8, pl. 17, f. 7-8
Battus archidamas ; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 2 (text only)]
Battus polydamas psittacus ; [NL4A, #53o]

Larva on Aristolochia chilensis, A. pearsei Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5

B. p. cebriones (Dalman, 1823)

Martinique Papilio cebriones Dalman, 1823; Analecta Entomologica: 38
Ithobalus xenodamas Hübner, [1825]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. 113, f. 1-2

= ; [NL4A, #53d]

Papilio eurydamas Kirby, 1871; Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep. : 521, TL: Martinique

= ; [NL4A, #53d]

Battus polydamas xenodamas, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Papilio polydamas xenodamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 518
Battus polydamas xenodamas ;
Battus (Battus) polydamas cebriones ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 7
Battus polydamas cebriones ; [NL4A, #53d]

B. p. neodamas (Lucas, 1852)

Guadeloupe Papilio neodamas Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (4): 193, 4 (9): pl. 10, f. 5, TL: [Guadelope]
Battus polydamas neodamas, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Papilio polydamas neodamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 518
Battus (Battus) polydamas neodamas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 5
Battus polydamas neodamas ; [NL4A, #53l]

B. p. polycrates (Hopffer, 1866)

Haïti, Dominican Republic Papilio polycrates Hopffer, 1866; Stettin ent. Ztg 27 (1-3) : 24, TL: "Pará"
Papilio hypodamas Guenée, 1872; Mém. Soc Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve, 22: 371, TL: Haiti

= ; [NL4A, #53n]

Papilio polydamas polycrates ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 522
Battus (Battus) polydamas polycrates ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 4, f. 7-8, pl. 16, f. 7-8
Battus polydamas polycrates ; [NL4A, #53n]

B. p. streckerianus (Honrath, 1884)

Peru Papilio streckerianus Honrath, 1884; Berl. ent. Z. 28 (2) : 395, pl. 10, f. 1, 1A, TL: Peru
Papilio mathani Oberthür, 1892; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #53q]

Papilio streckerianus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 516
Battus (Battus) streckerianus streckerianus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 6, f. 1-2, pl. 17, f. 1-2
Battus polydamas streckerianus ; [NL4A, #53q]

Larva on Aristolochia streckerianus Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4

B. p. dominicus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Dominique Papilio polydamas dominicus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 519, pl. 7, f. 41, TL: Dominica
Battus (Battus) polydamas dominicus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 6
Battus polydamas dominicus ; [NL4A, #53g]

B. p. antiquus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Antigua Papilio polydamas antiquus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 523, TL: Antigua
Battus (Battus) polydamas antiquus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 2
Battus polydamas antiquus ; [NL4A, #53b]

B. p. jamaicensis (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Jamaica Papilio polydamas jamaicensis Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 522, pl. 7, f. 40, TL: Jamaica
Battus (Battus) polydamas jamaicensis ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 4, f. 5-6
Battus polydamas jamaicensis ; [NL4A, #53i]

B. p. lucayus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Bahamas, Florida (migratory) Papilio polydamas lucayus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 521, TL: Bahamas
Battus polydamas lucayus, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Battus (Battus) polydamas lucayus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 4, f. 1-2
Battus polydamas lucayus ; [NACL, #4158a]; [NL4A, #53j]

B. p. lucianus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Saint Lucy Papilio polydamas lucianus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 518, pl. 7, f. 37, TL: St. Lucia
Battus (Battus) polydamas lucianus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 8
Battus polydamas lucianus ; [NL4A, #53k]

B. p. vincentius (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Saint Vincent Papilio polydamas vincentius Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 517, pl. 7, f. 36, TL: St. Vincent
Battus (Battus) polydamas vincentius ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 3
Battus polydamas vincentius ; [NL4A, #53s]

B. p. thyamus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Puerto Rico, Saint Thomas, Virgin Islands Papilio polydamas thyamus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 523, TL: St. Thomas
Papilio ?cnejus Fabricius, 1938; (nom. dub.)

= ; [NL4A, #53r]

Battus (Battus) polydamas thyamus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 5, f. 1
Battus polydamas thyamus ; [NL4A, #53r]

B. p. grenadensis (Hall, 1930)

Granada polydamas grenadensis (Hall, 1930) (Papilio); , TL: Grenada
Battus (Battus) polydamas grenadensis ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 4
Battus polydamas grenadensis ; [NL4A, #53h]

B. p. christopheranus (Hall, 1936)

Saint Kitts polydamas christopheranus (Hall, 1936) (Papilio); , TL: St. Kitts
Battus (Battus) polydamas christopheranus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 4, pl. 5, f. 2
Battus polydamas christopheranus ; [NL4A, #53e]

B. p. cubensis (Dufrane, 1946)

Cuba Papilio (Pharmacophagus) polydamas cubensis Dufrane, 1946; , TL: Cuba
Battus (Battus) polydamas cubensis ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 3, pl. 4, f. 3-4
Battus polydamas cubensis ; [NL4A, #53f]

B. p. peruanus (Fuchs, 1954)

Peru polydamas peruanus (Fuchs, 1954) (Papilio); , TL: Peru
Battus (Battus) streckerianus peruanus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5, pl. 6, f. 3-4, pl. 17, f. 3-4
Battus polydamas peruanus ; [NL4A, #53m]

B. p. atahualpa Racheli & Pischedda, 1987

Peru Battus polydamas atahualpa Racheli & Pischedda, 1987; Fragm. Ent. Roma 19: (311-321), TL: Peru
Battus (Battus) streckerianus atahualpa ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5, pl. 6, f. 5-6, pl. 17, f. 5-6
Battus polydamas atahualpa ; [NL4A, #53c]

B. p. renani Lamas, 1998

Peru polydamas renani Lamas, 1998; Revta peruana Ent. 40 (1997): (127-131), f. 2-5, TL: Peru
Battus (Battus) streckerianus renani ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 8: 4, pl. 4, f. 1
Battus polydamas renani ; [NL4A, #53p]

Larva on Aristolochia weberbaueri? Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5

B. p. weyrauchi Lamas, 1998

Peru polydamas weyrauchi Lamas, 1998; , TL: Peru
Battus (Battus) streckerianus weyrauchi ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 8: 4, pl. 4, f. 2-3
Battus polydamas weyrauchi ; [NL4A, #53t]

Battus madyes (Doubleday, 1846)

-. See [About maps] Papilio madyes Doubleday, 1846; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 18 (121) : 375, TL: Bolivia
Papilio madyes ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 524
Battus madyas[sic?] ; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 3]
Battus madyes ; [NL4A, #51]

B. m. madyes

Bolivia Papilio madyes madyes ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 525
Battus (Battuosa) madyes madyes ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 8, f. 1-2, pl. 18, f. 6
Battus madyes madyes ; [NL4A, #51a]

B. m. chlorodamas (Guenée, 1872)

E.Peru Papilio chlorodamas Guenée, 1872; Mém. Soc Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve, 22: 369, TL: Peru
Papilio madyes var. marsyas Staudinger, 1894; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 7 (1) : 59, TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #51e]

Papilio madyes chlorodamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 525
Battus (Battuosa) madyes chlorodamas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 7, f. 5-6, pl. 18, f. 5
Battus madyes chlorodamas ; [NL4A, #51e]

B. m. montebanus (Dyar, 1913)

Peru Papilio madyes montebanus Dyar, 1913; Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 45 (2006) : 627, TL: Peru, San Miguel, 6000ft
Battus (Battuosa) madyes inca Möhn, 1999; Butterflies of the World 8: 1, pl. 1, f. 7-8, pl. 4, f. 8, TL: Macchu Picchu, Cuzco, S.Peru

= ; [NL4A, #51i]

Battus madyes inca ; [BW5]
Battus (Battuosa) madyes montebanus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 7, f. 8
Battus madyes montebanus ; [NL4A, #51i]

B. m. plinius (Weymer, 1890)

N.Peru Papilio plinius Weymer, 1890; in Weymer & Maassen, Reisen Süd-America : 125, pl. 1, f. 1, TL: Peru
philetas fabius (Biedermann, 1935) (Papilio); (preocc. Cramer, 1776), TL: "Colombia"

= ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6; [NL4A, #51k]

Papilio madyes plinius ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 525
Battus (Battuosa) madyes plinius ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 7, f. 3-4, pl. 18, f. 3-4
Battus madyes plinius ; [NL4A, #51k]

B. m. tucumanus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

NW.Argentina Papilio madyes tucumanus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 526, TL: Argentina
Battus (Battuosa) madyes tucumanus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 8, f. 3-4
Battus madyes tucumanus ; [NL4A, #51l]

B. m. adloni (Ehrmann, 1926)

C.Ecuador madyes adloni (Ehrmann, 1926) (Papilio); , TL: E.Ecuador
Battus (Battuosa) madyes adloni ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5, back, f. 5-6; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 8: 4, pl. 4, f. 4
Battus madyes adloni ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #51b]

B. m. philetas (Hewitson, 1869)

S.Ecuador Papilio philetas Hewitson, 1869; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1869 (1) : 31, TL: S.Ecuador
Papilio philetas ; Hewitson, 1869, Ill. exot. Butts [1] (Papilio X-XII): [21], pl. [11], f. 35-36; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 524
Battus (Battuosa) madyes philetas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 8: 4, pl. 4, f. 5-6
Battus philetas ; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 3 (text only)]
Battus madyes philetas ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #51j]

B. m. magnimacula (Joicey & Talbot, 1925)

N.Peru madyes magnimacula (Joicey & Talbot, 1925) (Papilio); , TL: "W. slopes of the Andes, 10000'"
Battus philetas magnimacula ;
Battus (Battuosa) madyes magnimacula ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 7, f. 7
Battus madyes magnimacula ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #51h]

B. m. lojaensis Möhn, 1999

S.Ecuador Battus (Battuosa) madyes lojaensis Möhn, 1999; , TL: Loja, Süd-Ecuador
Battus (Battuosa) madyes lojaensis ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 5, pl. 7, f. 1-2, pl. 18, f. 1-2
Battus madyes lojaensis ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #51g]

B. m. buechei Lamas, 1998

C.Peru Battus madyes buechei Lamas, 1998; , TL: Peru
Battus (Battuosa) madyes buechei ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, back f. 3-4
Battus madyes buechei ; [NL4A, #51c]

B. m. callangaensis Möhn, 2001

Peru (Battuosa) madyes callangaensis Möhn, 2001; (repl. name), TL: Peru
Papilio madyes crispus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 525, pl. 7, f. 43 (preocc. Cramer, 1777), TL: Peru

= Battus madyes montebanus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6
= ; [NL4A, #51d]

Battus madyes callangaensis ; [NL4A, #51d]

B. m. frankenbachi Möhn, 2001

Peru (Battuosa) madyes frankenbachi Möhn, 2001; , TL: Peru
Battus madyes frankenbachi ; [NL4A, #51f]

Battus eracon (Godman & Salvin, 1897)

Mexico. See [About maps] Papilio eracon Godman & Salvin, 1897; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2) : 248, TL: Mexico, Colima
f. ochracea (Vázquez, 1953) (Papilio); (preocc. Rousseau-Decelle, 1933), TL: Mexico, Michoacán

= ; [NL4A, #47]

ab. incolorus Vázquez, 1957; , TL: Mexico, Jalisco

= ; [NL4A, #47]

Battus eracon, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus eracon, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Papilio eracon ; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 728, 3: pl. 111, f. 11-12; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 528
Battus (Battuosa) eracon ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6, pl. 9, f. 7-8, pl. 19, f. 3-4
Battus eracon ; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 4 (text only)]; [NL4A, #47]

Larva on Aristolochia tentaculata Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 6

Battus polystictus (Butler, 1874)

-. See [About maps] Papilio polystictus Butler, 1874; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1874 (4) : 435, TL: Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul
Battus polystictus ; [NL4A, #54]; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 4]

Larva on Aristolochia brasiliensis, A. fimbriata, A. triangularis Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7

B. p. polystictus

Brazil(Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay, Urugyau, Argentina (Misiones, Corrientes - Buenos Aires) Papilio polystictus polystictus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 527
Battus (Battuosa) polystictus polystictus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 9, f. 1-4, pl. 19, f. 1-2
Battus polystictus polystictus ; [NL4A, #54a]

B. p. galenus (Fruhstorfer, 1907)

Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro) Papilio polystictus galenus Fruhstorfer, 1907; Stettin ent. Ztg 68 (2): 296, TL: "Surinam"
Papilio polystictus janira Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 527 (preocc. Linnaeus, 1758), TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #54b]

Battus (Battuosa) polystictus galenus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 9, f. 5-6
Battus polystictus galenus ; [NL4A, #54b]

Battus laodamas (C. & R. Felder, 1859)

-. See [About maps] Papilio laodamas C. & R. Felder, 1859; Wien. ent. Monats. 3 (12): 393, pl. 8, f. 1, TL: Colombia
Papilio laodamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 532
Battus laodamus[sic] ; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 1 (text only)]
Battus laodamas ; [NL4A, #49]

Larva on Aristolochia tentaculata Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7

B. l. laodamas

Colombia - SW.Venzuela Papilio laodamas laodamas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 534
Battus (Battuosa) laodamas laodamas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 10, f. 7-8, pl. 19, f. 5-6
Battus laodamas laodamas ; [NL4A, #49a]

B. l. copanae (Reakirt, 1863)

S.Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras Papilio copanae Reakirt, 1863; Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 2 (2): 141, TL: Guatemala
Papilio chrysodamas Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (1): 1, TL: Guatemala

= Papilio copanae ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 202
= ; [NL4A, #49b]

Papilio chromealus Ehrmann, 1912; , TL: Honduras

= ; [NL4A, #49b]

f. ochracea (Vázquez, 1949) (Papilio); , TL: Mexico(Veracruz)

= ; [NL4A, #49b]

f. media (Vázquez, 1953) (Papilio); , TL: Mexico(Veracruz)

= ; [NL4A, #49b]

f. iopanae Vázquez, 1957; , TL: Mexico(Oaxaca)

= ; [NL4A, #49b]

Battus laodamas copanae, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus laodamas copanae, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Papilio copanae ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 202, 3: pl. 66, f. 4-6
Papilio laodamas copanae ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 533
Battus (Battuosa) laodamas copanae ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 10, f. 3-4
Battus laodamas copanae ; [NL4A, #49b]; [John Shuey]

553x491 (~29Kb) Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

B. l. iopas (Godman & Salvin, 1897)

N.Mexico Papilio iopas Godman & Salvin, 1897; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2) : 248, TL: Mexico, Colima
Papilio procas Godman & Salvin, [1890]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 203, 3: pl. 65, f. 14-16 (preocc. Cramer, 1777), TL: Mexico, Nayarit

= ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7; [NL4A, #49c]

Papilio laodamas procas f. ochracea Vázquez, 1953; , TL: Mexico, Michoacán

= ; [NL4A, #49c]

Battus laodamas iopas, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus laodamas iopas, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Papilio iopas ; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 728, 3: pl. 111, f. 9-10
Papilio laodamas procas ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 532
Battus (Battuosa) laodamas iopas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 10, f. 1-2
Battus laodamas iopas ; [NL4A, #49c]

B. l. rhipidius Rothschild & Jordan, 1906

Costa Rica, Panama Battus laodamas rhipidius Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 533, pl. 4, f. 4, TL: Costa Rica
Battus laodamas rhipidus ; [BCR, 69]
Battus (Battuosa) laodamas rhipidius ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 10, f. 5-6
Battus laodamas rhipidius ; [NL4A, #49d]

Battus ingenuus (Dyar, 1907)

SE.Mexico - Ecuador, Venezuela, Trinidad. See [About maps] Papilio ingenuus Dyar, 1907; , TL: Orizaba, Mexico
Papilio latinus C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (3): 72 (preocc. Donovan, 1805), TL: Venezuela, Merida

= ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #48]

Papilio belus f. chrysomaculatus Niepelt, 1915; , TL: Ecuador,Macas

= ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #48]

Papilio belus camposia Schaus, 1928; Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 30 (3) : 46, TL: Baños, Ecuador

= ; [NL4A, #48]; [EcuL]

Battus belus chalceus f. ochracea Vázquez, 1957; , TL: Mexico, Chiapas

= ; [NL4A, #48]

Battus ingenuus, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus ingenuus, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Papilio belus f. chrysomaculatus ; Strand, 1916, Lepidoptera Niepeltiana (2) : 24, pl. 13, f. 13
Battus chalceus ingenuus ; [John Shuey]
Battus (Battuosa) ingenuus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7, pl. 11, f. 1-8, pl. 19, f. 7-8
Battus ingenuus ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #48]

Larva on Aristolochia constricta Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 7

Battus lycidas (Cramer, [1777])

Mexico - Bolivia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Guayanas, Para, Ecuador. See [About maps] Papilio lycidas Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): pl. 113, f. A, TL: Surinam
Papilio erymanthus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): pl. 113, f. C, TL: Surinam

= ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 201; [NL4A, #50]

f. adlatus (Niepelt, 1915) (Papilio); , TL: Macas, Ecuador

= ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #50]

Battus lycidas, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Battus lycidas, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Papilio lycidas f. adlatus ; Strand, 1916, Lepidoptera Niepeltiana (2) : 24, pl. 13, f. 12
Papilio lycidas ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 201, 3: pl. 65, f. 17; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 728; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 534
Battus lycides[sic?] ; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 1 (text only)]
Battus (Battuosa) lycidas ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 8, f. 5-8, pl. 18, f. 7-8
Battus lycidas ; [BCR, 69]; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #50]

Larva on Aristolochia huberiana Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8

Battus belus (Cramer, [1777])

-. See [About maps] Papilio belus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 23, pl. 112, f. A, B, TL: Surinam
Papilio belus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 528
Battus belus ; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 1]; [NL4A, #44]

Larva on Aristolochia [BCR]

B. b. belus

Guyanas, Surinam Papilio numitor Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 25, pl. 113, f. B, TL: Surinam

= ; [NL4A, #44a]

Papilio amulius Esper, 1792; Die ausl. Schmett. : 113, pl. 27, f. 1

= ; [NL4A, #44a]

Papilio caburi Kaye, 1906; Entomologist 39 : 51, pl. 2, f. 1, TL: Guyana

= ; [NL4A, #44a]

Papilio numitor ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 202, 3: pl. 66, f. 1-3; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 728
Papilio belus belus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 530
Battus (Battuosa) belus belus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 12, f. 1-2
Battus belus belus ; [NL4A, #44a]

B. b. varus (Kollar, 1850)

Guatemala - Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Brazil(Amazonas) Papilio varus Kollar, 1850; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien. 1 : 354, pl. 42, f. 5-6, TL: "Nova-Granada ad ripas fluminis St. Magdalena"
Papilio belus belus ♀-f. amazonis Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 531, TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #44e]

Papilio heteropterus Zikán, 1937; , TL: Brazil, Amazonas

= ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8; [NL4A, #44e]

Papilio belus chalceus Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 529, TL: Mexico, Guerrero

= ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8

?Battus belus chalceus ;
?chalceus ; [NL4A, 91 (sp. inquirenda)]
Papilio belus varus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 529
Battus (Battuosa) belus varus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 12, f. 5-8, pl. 14, f. 4, pl. 20, f. 1-2
Battus belus varus ; [BCR, 69]; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #44e]

B. b. belemus (Bates, 1864)

Brazil(Pará, Amazonas) Papilio belemus Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (1): 1, TL: Brazil, Pará
Papilio belus belemus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 531
Battus (Battuosa) belus belemus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 12, f. 3
Battus belus belemus ; [NL4A, #44c]

B. b. cochabamba (Weeks, 1901)

Peru, Bolivia Papilio cochabamba Weeks, 1901; Can. Ent. 33 (10): 265, TL: Bolivia
Papilio belus ab. gastoni Talbot, 1932; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #44d]

Papilio belus cochabamba ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 532
Battus (Battuosa) belus cochabamba ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 13, f. 1-8, pl. 14, f. 1-3, pl. 20, f. 3-4
Battus belus cochabamba ; [NL4A, #44d]

B. b. aureochloris Brown, 1994

Brazil(Pará) belus aureochloris Brown, 1994; , TL: Brazil, Pará
Battus (Battuosa) belus aureochloris ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 12, f. 4
Battus belus aureochloris ; [NL4A, #44b]

Battus crassus (Cramer, [1777])

-. See [About maps] Papilio crassus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 23, pl. 112, f. C, TL: Surinam
Papilio crassus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1906, Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 536
Battus (Battus) crassus ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 156
Battus crassus ; [BCR, 69]; [BOW: pl. 23, f. 2]; [NL4A, #45]

Larva on Aristolochia cymbifera, A. esperanzae, A. gigantea, A. macroura, A. veraguensis, A. odora, A. didyma, A. brasiliensis Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8

B. c. crassus

Peru, Surinam, Brazil(Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro), N.Argentina (Misiones) f. ambigua (Boullet & Le Cerf, 1912) (Papilio); , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #45a]

f. flavus (Fernández, 1932) (Papilio); , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #45a]

Battus (Battuosa) crassus crassus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 14, f. 7-8, pl. 15, f. 1-3, pl. 20, f. 5-6, title f. 1-2
Battus crassus crassus ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #45a]

B. c. hirundo (Röber, 1925)

N.Bolivia crassus hirundo (Röber, 1925) (Papilio); , TL: Bolivia
Battus hirundo ; [BNR]
Battus (Battuosa) crassus hirundo ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 15, f. 7-8, pl. 20, f. 7-8
Battus crassus hirundo ; [NL4A, #45b]

B. c. paraensis (Brown, 1994)

Brazil(Pará) crassus paraensis (Brown, 1994) (Papilio); , TL: Brazil, Pará
Battus (Battuosa) crassus paraensis ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 9, pl. 14, f. 5-6
Battus crassus paraensis ; [NL4A, #45d]

B. c. lepidus (C. & R. Felder, 1861)

Costa Rica, Venezuela, W.Colombia, WEcuador Papilio lepidus C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (3): 72, TL: Venezuela, prov. Caracas
Papilio lepidus ; Godman & Salvin, [1890], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 203
Battus (Battuosa) crassus lepidus ; Möhn, 1999, Butterflies of the World 5: 8, pl. 15, f. 4-6
Battus crassus lepidus ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #45c]

3.12.2011 (12)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[BAMONA]

Paul Opler, Harry Pavulaan, Ray Stanford, Michael Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node

[BCA]

electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA

[BCR]

DeVries, Philip J.; The Butterflies of Costa Rica; Vol. I: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae

[BHL]

The; Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!

[BNR]

D'Abrera, B., 1981; Butterflies of the Neotropical Region

[BOA]

Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America

[BOC]

Robert Michael Pyle, 2002; The Butterflies of Cascadia

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[BW5]

Möhn, Bauer (ed.) & Frankenbach (ed.), 1999; Butterflies of the World, 5

[Bruce Walsh]

Bruce Walsh; e-mail: Bruce Walsh; The Moths of Southeastern Arizona; Butterflies of Southeastern Arizona

[EcuL]

Tommaso & Luigi Racheli, 2001; An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae); Fragmenta entomologica 33 (2): 213-380

[GALEPS]

Moths and Butterflies of Georgia and the Southeastern United States; James K. Adams; Dept. of Natural Science, Dalton State College, Dalton, GA ; http://www.daltonstate.edu/galeps/index.htm

[HBN]

Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2

[ILMB]

Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies

[JLS]

Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles

[John Shuey]

e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org

[LAMAS-2005]

Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)

[LAMAS-NEO]

Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)

[MERIAN]

Merian, M. S., 1705; Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium. Of te verandering der Surinaamsche insecten. Waar in de Surinaamsche rupsen en wormen met alle des zelfs veranderingen, na het leven afgebeeld en beschreeven worden, zynde elk geplaast op die gewassen, bloemen en vruchten, daar sy op gevonden zyn; waar in ook de generatie der kirkvorschen, wonderbaare padden, hagedissen, slangen, spinnen en mieren werden vertoond en beschreeven, alles in America na het leven en levensgroote geschildert en beschreeven; pp. 1-60, pl. 1-60; Image from Francisco Welter-Schultes

[NAB]

Pyle, R. M.; National Audubon Society: Field Guide to North American Butterflies; 1981; ISBN 0-394-51914-0

[NACL]

Hodges, Ronald W. (ed.), 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico

[NL4A]

Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea

[Opler]

Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.

[Pierre Zagatti]

WWW pages; Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles; e-mail: Pierre Zagatti

[Vitaly Charny]

Birmingham, Alabama, USA

Some related literature:

Bates, 1864

New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama, collected by Osbert Salvin and F. du Cane Godman, Esqs. Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (1): 1-6 (1864), (2): 31-35 (1864), (3): 55-59 (1864), (4): 81-85 (1864), (5): 113-116 (1864), (6): 126-131 (1864), (7): 161-164 (1864), (8): 178-180 (1865), (9): 202-205 (1865)

Boisduval, 1836

Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptéres. Tome Premier Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 1-690, pl. 1-24

Brown & Mielke, 1967

Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera (continued) J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 145-168

Butler, 1874

Descriptions of some new species and a new genus of diurnal Lepidoptera in the collection of Herbert Druce Esq. Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1874 (4) : 423-436, pl. 6

Cramer, [1777]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)

Dalman, 1823

Analecta Entomologica. Holimae. Typis Lindhianis Analecta Entomologica: vii + 104pp + [105-108]

Doubleday, 1846

Descriptions of new or imperfectly described Diurnal Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 18 (121) : 371-376

Doubleday, [1846]

The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habitats and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated with 86 plates by W. C. Hewitson Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 1-18, pl. A, 1-4 (1-2) (1846), (1): 19-132, pl. 4*, 5-25, 28 (3-14) (1847), (1): 133-200, pl. 1*, 26, 27, 29, 31-44 (15-23) (1848), (1): 201-242, pl. 30, 45-52, 56-58, 60-62, 64 (24-31) (1849), (1): 243-250 [?], (2): 243-326, pl. 53-55, 63, 65, 66 (32-38) (1850), (2): 327-466, pl. 59, 67-77 (39-50) (1851), (2): 467-534, 143, 144, pl. 78-80 (Index) (51-54) (1852)

Drury, [1773]

Illustrations of natural history; wherein are exhibited ... Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 1 : 1-130, pl. 1-50 (1770), (1773)

Dyar, 1903

A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723

Dyar, 1913

Results of the Yale Peruvian expedition of 1911. Lepidoptera Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 45 (2006) : 627-649

Ehrmann, 1900

Variations in Some Common Species of Butterflies Can. Ent. 32 (11) : 348

Esper, 1792

Die ausländischen oder die ausserhalb Europa zur Zeit in den übrige Welttheilen vorgefundenen Schmetterlinge in Abbildung nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen Die ausl. Schmett. : 1-20, pl. 1-4 (1784), : 21-36, pl. 5-8 (1785), : 37-52, pl. 9-12 (1786), : 53-66, pl. 13-16 (1788), : 65-80, pl. 17-20 (1790), : 81-96, pl. 21-24 (1791), : 97-144, pl. 25-36 (1792), : 145-160, pl. 37-40 (1793), : 161-192, pl. 41-46 (1796), : 193-204, pl. 47-50 (1797), : 205-220, pl. 51-54 (1799), : 221-254, pl. 55-59,60A,60B,60C,60D (1801), : (Internet archive page/plate links are for [1830] 2nd ed.)

C. & R. Felder, 1859

Lepidopterologische Fragmente. I-IV Wien. ent. Monats. 3 (6): 178-186, pl. 3-4, (9): 263-273, pl. 5, (11): 321-328, pl. 6, (12): 390-405, pl. 7-9

C. & R. Felder, 1861

Lepidoptera nova Columbiae Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (3): 72-87, (4): 97-111

Fruhstorfer, 1907

Verzeichniss der von Herrn Dr. Theodor Koch-Grünberg am oberen Waupes 1903-1905 gesammelten Rhopaloceren mit Besprechung verwandter Arten Stettin ent. Ztg 68 (1): 117-164 (May), (2): 207-309, pl. 1 (July)

Godman & Salvin, [1890]; Godman & Salvin, [1901]

Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112

Godman & Salvin, 1889

Descriptions of new Species of Rhopalocera from Mexico and Central America Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 3 (16) : 351-358

Godman & Salvin, 1897

Descriptions of New Species of Central and South American Rhopalocera Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2) : 241-248

Hewitson, 1869

Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson. Ill. exot. Butts [1] : (Systematic Index) I, (Ornithoptera and Papilio): [1-2], pl. [1] (1855), (Papilio II): [3-4], pl. [2] (1856), (Papilio III): [5-6], pl. [3] (1858), (Papilio IV): [7-8], pl. [4] (1859), (Papilio V): [9-10], pl. [5] (1861), (Papilio VI): [11-12], pl. [6] (1864), (Papilio VII-VIII): [13-16], pl. [7-8] (1865), (Papilio IX): [17-18], pl. [9] (1868), (Papilio X-XII): [19-22], pl. [10-12] (1869), (Papilio XIII): [23-24], pl. [13] (1873), (Papilio XIV): [25-26], pl. [14] (1875), (Papilio XV): [27-28], pl. [15] (1877), (Pieris I): [29-30], pl. [16] (1852), (Pieris II): [31-32], pl. [17] (1853), (Pieris III-VI): [33-40], pl. [18-21] (1861), (Pieris VII): [41-42], pl. [22] (1862), (Pieris VIII): [43-44], pl. [23] (1866), (Euterpe): [45-46], pl. [24] (1860), (Euterpe II): [47-48], pl. [25] (1872), (Euterpe and Leptalis): [49-50], pl. [26] (1853), (Leptalis II): [51-52], pl. [27] (1857), (Leptalis III): [53-54], pl. [28] (1858), (Leptalis IV): [55-56], pl. [29] (1860), (Leptalis V-VII): [57-62], pl. [30-32] (1870), (Callidryas and Eronia): [63-64], pl. [33] (1867), (Euploea): [65-66], pl. [34] (1858), (Euploea II): [67-68], pl. [35] (1866), (Heliconia I): [69-70], pl. [36] (1853), (Heliconia II-III): [71-74], pl. [37-38] (1854), (Heliconia IV): [75-76], pl. [39] (1858), (Heliconia V): [77-78], pl. [40] (1867), (Heliconia VI): [79-80], pl. [41] (1871), (Heliconia and Tithorea VII): [81-82], pl. [42] (1873), (Heliconia VIII): [83-84], pl. [43] (1875), (Athesis): [85-86], pl. [44] (1872), (Mechanitis I): [87-88], pl. [45] (1856), (Mechanitis II-III): [89-92], pl. [46-47] (1860), (Ithomia I): [93-94], pl. [48] (1851), (Ithomia II): [95-96], pl. [49] (1852), (Ithomia III): [97-98], pl. [50] (1853), (Ithomia IV-V): [99-102], pl. [51-52] (1854), (Ithomia VI-XIII): [103-118], pl. [53-60] (1855)

Hewitson, 1869

Descriptions of two new species of Papilio from Ecuador Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1869 (1) : 31-32

Honey & Scoble, 2001

Linnaeus's butterflies Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 132: 277-399, 39figs

Honrath, 1884

Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Rhopalocera (2) Berl. ent. Z. 28 (2) : 395-398, pl. 10

Hopffer, 1866

Neue Arten der Gattung Papilio im Berliner Museum Stettin ent. Ztg 27 (1-3) : 22-32

Hübner, [1825]

Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge, Vol. 2 ([1819] - [1827]) Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [90], [180], [223] (1819), : pl. [2], [12], [16], [78], [141], [182] (1820), : pl. [11], [13], [24], [77], [83], [97], [102-103], [108-109], [116-117], [122], [147], [150], [164], [183], [195], [197], [212-214] (1821), : pl. [14], [18-19], [26], [38-39], [43], [68], [70-71], [74], [84], [86], [92], [94-95], [106], [114], [121], [161], [169], [174], [177-178], [184], [194], [200], [204-205], [207-208], [210] (1821), : pl. [33], [72], [76], [115], [131], [138-139], [153], [198], [211], [218], [220] (1822), : pl. [32], [75], [81], [93], [105], [129] (1822), : pl. [1], [6], [22-23], [25], [27], [29-31], [34-37], [40-42], [48], [50-53], [56], [58-59], [64-66], [69], [73], [87], [89], [91], [96], [98-101], [110], [124], [128], [130], [132-137], [142], [155-158], [160], [162-163], [165-167], [170-173], [175-176], [187-188], [196], [199], [201-202], [206], [215-216], [219], [222], [224] (1823), : pl. [54], [118], [143], [149], [159] [179], [181], [185], [203], [217] (1824), : pl. [3-5], [8-10], [15], [20], [45], [49], [55], [60], [62-63], [67], [79-80], [88], [104], [111-113], [120], [125], [127], [140], [144-146], [148], [151-152], [154], [168], [189-193], [221], [225] (1825), : pl. [7], [17], [21], [28], [44], [46-47], [57], [61], [82], [123], [126] (1826), : pl. [85], [119], [186], [209] (1827), : (Index Systematicus) [1-4] (1827-1832)

Hübner, [1819]

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])

Kaye, 1906

New species of Guiana and Jamaican butterflies Entomologist 39 : 49-53, pl. 2

Kirby, 1871

A synonymic catalogue of the diurnal Lepidoptera Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep.: vii + 690pp : 1-690

Kollar, 1850

Beiträge zur Insecten-Fauna von Neu-Granada und Venezuela Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien. 1 : 351-364, pl. 42-45

Lamas, 1998

Cinco papiliónidos nuevos del Perú (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Revta peruana Ent. 40 (1997): 127-131

Linnaeus, 1758

Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338, : 339-824

Linnaeus, 1771

Mantissa Plantarum altera Generum editionis Vi & Specierum editionis II Mantissa Plant. 2: -,[iv], 142-510, + Regni Animalis Appendix 511-552

Lucas, 1852

Description de nouvelles Espèces de Lépidoptères appartenant aux Collections entomologiques du Musée de Paris Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (3): 128-141 (1852), 4 (4): 189-198 (1852), 4 (6): 290-300 (1852), 4 (7): 324-343 (1852), 4 (9): 422-432, pl. 10 (1852), 5 (7): 310-322 (1853)

Möhn, 1999

Papilionidae II. Battus Butterflies of the World 5: 13pp, 20pls

Möhn, 1999

Papilionidae V. New and rare Papilionidae Butterflies of the World 8: 6pp, 4pls

Oberthür, 1879

Catalogue raisonné des Papilionidae de la Collection de Ch. Oberthür Étud. d'Ent. 4 : 19-102, 107-117 (Appendice), pl. 1-6

Racheli & Pischedda, 1987

A new subspecies of Battus polydamas (Linnaeus, 1758) from Peru (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Fragm. Ent. Roma 19: 311-321

Reakirt, 1863

Notes on Central American Lepidoptera, with descriptions of new species Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 2 (2): 135-142 (1863), (3): 345-360 (1864)

Rothschild & Jordan, 1906

A revision of the American Papilios Novit. Zool. 13 (3): 411-752, pl. 4-9

Schaus, 1928

New species of Lepidoptera in the United States National Museum Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 30 (3) : 46-58

Scopoli, 1777

Introductio ad Historiam naturalem sisteus Genera Lapidum, Plantarum et ANimalium detecta, Characteribus -- in tribus divisa, subinde ad Leges Naturae Introd. Hist. nat.: [x], 3-506 + [34 pp.]

Staudinger, 1894

Hochlandine Lepidoptera Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 7 (1) : 43-100, pl. 1-2

Strand, 1916

Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer und wenig bekannter Lepidoptera aus der Sammlung W. Niepelt Lepidoptera Niepeltiana (2) : 1-26, pl. 13-17

Strecker, 1885

Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 37 (12): 174-176, (13): 177-179

Weeks, 1901

An aberration of Papilio philenor J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 9 : 82-83, pl. 6

Weeks, 1901

New diurnal Lepidoptera from Bolivia Can. Ent. 33 (10): 265-269, (11): 293-296

Westwood, 1847

Description of Two new Exotic Species of the Genus Papilio Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 5 : 36-37, pl. 3

Weymer in Weymer & Maassen, 1890

Lepidoptera gesammelt auf einer Reise durch Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brasilien, Argentinien und Bolivien in den Jahren 1868-1877 von Alphons Stübel Reisen Süd-America : 1-182, pl. 1-9

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.