Application of Engineering Film and Adhesive for Trinitron Tube
Contrast-Enhancement Under Low Ambient Illumination
Mechanical Reliability of CRTs
Helmet-Mounted 0.5-in. CRT for SVGA Images
New Electron Gun with Asymmetric Triode and Large-Aperture Main Lens for Color CRTs
A New Dynamic-Focus Electron Gun for Color CRTs with Tri-Quadrupole Electron Lens
A CAD/CAM Tolerance Analysis of Color CRT Electron Guns
Design of an NIS Pin/Coma-Free 108 Degree Self-Converging Yoke for CRTs with Super-Flat Faceplates
A New Approach to Designing a Saddle-Coil Cross Section in a Magnetic Deflection System
A 21-in. High-Resolution Monochrome Monitor with 700 nits and 5 Mpixels
Self-DF (Self-Dynamic-Focus) Electron Gun
Improved Shadow-Mask Productivity Using Multiple-Step Ferric Chloride Etching
Improving the Contrast of CRTs under Low Ambient Illumination with a Graphite Coating
"Microfilter"[TM]
Color CRT
T. Itou, H. Matsuda, M. Onodera
Toshiba
Corp., Saitama, Japan full paper
Transparent filters composed of red, green, and blue superfine pigments have been inserted between the phosphor dots and the faceplate glass. When combined with adjustments of the glass transmittance, phosphor design, and outer coating, these filters result in pronounced improvements in brightness, contrast, and color fidelity
"Microfilter" is a trademark of Toshiba Co.
Application of Engineering Film
and Adhesive for Trinitron Tube
T. Saito, K. Kanna, T. Inoue, S. Morikawa
Sony Corp., Kanagawa,
Japan full paper
The engineering film and UV curing resin, which have been developed for lamination to the outer surface of the Trinitron tube, will be discussed. They satisfy TUV and TCO regulations and make possible the use of As-formed panels.
Contrast-Enhancement
Under Low Ambient Illumination
G. C. de Vries
Philips
Display Components, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
full paper
The physics and measurement of "dark-room contrast", the display contrast under low ambient illumination, will be reviewed. The effects of backscattered electrons were found to be the principal mechanism limiting contrast. This analysis leads to a number of specific ways to improve the contrast.
Mechanical Reliability of CRTs
A. Ghosh
Philips
Display Components, Ann Arbor, MI
S. T. Gulati
Corning
Incorporated, Corning, NY full paper
Slow crack growth of surface flaws due to tensile stresses in cathode ray tube (CRT) panel can have an adverse effect on its mechanical reliability if the stress exceeds the threshold value. Static fatigue tests on both the panel glass and CRTs in 100% RH help optimize the tube design and ensure its lifetime reliability. This study reports the aging, static fatigue and crescent crack test results.
Helmet-Mounted 0.5-in. CRT for SVGA
Images
L. Ozawa
LL Technology, Hopewell Junction, NY full paper
A new helmet-mounted CRT with SVGA resolution and 2000cd/sq m will be described. The key to this achievement is a densely packed screen realized by a dusting technique.
New Electron Gun with Asymmetric
Triode and Large-Aperture Main Lens for Color CRTs
W. H.
Kim, S. H., Cho, H. W. Yoon, H. C. Kim, S. G. An
LG Electronics,
Inc., Kumi-city, Korea
H. Nakanishi
Tokyo Cathode Laboratory
Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan full paper
By using asymmetric triode and large aperture main lens, a newly developed electron gun for 29" CRT reduced the spherical aberration of main lens and the space-charge repulsion effects resulting in uniform and excellent focus properties on the whole screen.
A New Dynamic-Focus Electron Gun for Color CRTs with Tri-Quadrupole
Electron Lens
S. Sugawara, J. Kimiya, E. Kamohara, K.
Fukuda
Toshiba Corp., Saitama, Japan full
paper
Both spot distortion with deflection and dynamic focus voltage are reduced with a combination of quadrupole lenses in the electron gun.
A CAD/CAM
Tolerance Analysis of Color CRT Electron Guns
R. C.
Alig, D. A. New
David Sarnoff Research Center, Princeton, NJ
O.
Trinchero
Thomson Tubes and Displays, Genlis, France full paper
Construction sensitivities simulated for color guns yield distributions of line width, astigmatism, and convergence near those measured in high-volume CRT products. Resolution is degraded directly by construction errors and indirectly by correction of convergence and cutoff errors. Calculation of performance variance helps improve product quality by quantifying key tolerances to control. Sensitivities enable clearer relations between performance changes in manufactured CRTs and changes in specific parts and /or assembly procedures.
Design of an NIS
Pin/Coma-Free 108° Self-Converging Yoke for CRTs with Super-Flat
Faceplates
N. Azzi, O. Masson
Thomson Tubes and
Displays, Genlis, France full paper
A new saddle-saddle yoke for super-flat108° 35V CRTs has been developed. NIS pincushion and coma are corrected by judicious combination of angular as well as axial distributions of fields. A convergence of 0.2mm was achieved
A New Approach to Designing a
Saddle-Coil Cross Section in a Magnetic Deflection System
J. H. Yi, H. H. Lee, S. K. See
LG Electronics, Inc., Seoul, Korea full paper
A simple but accurate mathematical approach has been developed for determining the saddle-deflection-coil cross section from a set of desired winding harmonic coefficients.
A 21-in. High-Resolution Monochrome Monitor with 700
nits and 5 M pixels
T. Furukawa, J. Ludwig, S. Chaisitti
Data Ray Corp.,
Westminster, CO
G. Feldenzer, A. Martin
Hughes Lexington, Inc.,
Lexington, KY
J. M. Perreaut, D. Thibaudin, B. Roussel
Thomson
Tubes and Displays, Genlis, France full paper
A monitor for the display of digital radiograph images offers improved image quality and lower manufacturing cost. The target performance of this 21" monochrome monitor is 200 Ft-L (685 cd/sq. m) light output, 2048 dots X 2560 lines resolution, with 54% overall transmission. This monitor uses a newly developed 21" Flat Square CRT with 36mm neck, SS-type (saddle-saddle) deflection yoke with built in X-Y axis astigmator coil, and full digital control.
Self-DF (Self-Dynamic-Focus) Electron Gun
M. Misono, S.
Miyamoto, H. Kawanishi, H. Yoshida
Hitachi Electron Tube &
Devices, Chiba, Japan
A. Turuoka
Hitachi Electronics Devices
Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan full paper
Self Dynamic Focus Electron gun has made it possible to reduce deflection defocusing automatically by using non-uniform electrical field formed in the deflection magnetic field. The high quality focus characteristics have been realized by low cost elements such as: simple-structure electron gun, single direct-current focus power and easy adjustment of focus-condition. This development can be used with larger main-lens diameters. Employed in 79cm 110° color picture tubes, this electron gun has drastically reduced halo in the screen corners.
Improved Shadow-Mask
Productivity Using Multiple-Step Ferric Chloride Etching
J.
J. Moscony, C. M. Wetzel, C. C. Eshleman
Thomson Consumer
Electronics, Lancaster, PA
R. B. Maynard
DuPont Experimental
Station Laboratory, Wilmington, DE
M. H. Saunders
AMP, Inc.,
Landisville, PA full paper
We have determined that multiple step etching, utilizing different etchant temperatures and densities, may be an effective method for increasing productivity in the manufacturing of shadow masks used in color television picture tubes. In this development we integrated the results of a study of etch rates for low carbon-aluminum killed steel at various ferric chloride etchant temperatures and densities, into a new concept for etching, wherein two substantially different etching conditions may be used on the same etch line to produce quality shadow masks with higher productivity than can be realized using either one alone. Initial results indicate a line speed increase of 30% can be achieved in the production etching of TCE's 27V/110° VHP, AK steel masks.
Trajectory Calculation
for Magnetic Deflection Systems with Curved Axes at Extra-Large
Deflection Angles
J. Ximen, Z. Liu
Peking
University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
L. Tong, Y. Tu
Southeast
University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
full paper
Variational aberration theory has been developed for magnetic deflection systems with curved axes at extra-large angles. For a homogeneous magnetic deflection system, second- and third-order aberrations have been calculated and expressed analytically. Scanning raster of R-G-B beams have been computed. Computational results may be useful in designing extra-large-angle magnetic deflection systems.
Improving the Contrast of
CRTs under Low Ambient Illumination with a Graphite Coating
J. J. van Oekel
Philips Display Components, Eindhoven, The
Netherlands full paper
"Darkroom contrast" , the display contrast under low ambient illumination of a CRT, can be improved significantly by applying a graphite coating to the aluminum backing. The gain in contrast occurs with some loss of luminance. These parameters can be optimized by changing the thickness of the coating.