-
Hypolimnas alimena (Linnaeus, 1758)
Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia. See [maps]
Blue-banded Egg-fly
Larva on
Pseuderanthemum variable [BAUR],
Asystasia gangetica,
Graptophilum pictum,
Pseuderanthemum variabile Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.,
Asystasia ,
Graptophyllum ,
Pseuderanthemum ,
Sida ,
Pipturus Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 213
-
H. a. alimena Ambon, Serang, Saparua
-
H. a. heteromorpha Röber, 1891 Kai I.
- Hypolimnas alimena heteromorpha; [BAUR], 220
-
H. a. senia Fruhstorfer, 1912 Buru
- Hypolimnas alimena senia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. bandana Fruhstorfer, 1912 Banda I.
- Hypolimnas alimena bandana; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. remigia Fruhstorfer, 1912 Obi
- Hypolimnas alimena remigia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. eligia Fruhstorfer, 1912 Bachan, Halmahera, Morotai, Ternate
- Hypolimnas alimena eligia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. diadema Fruhstorfer, 1912
- Hypolimnas alimena diadema; [NHM card]
-
H. a. saturnia Fruhstorfer, 1903 Waigeu
- Hypolimnas alimena saturnia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. talauta Fruhstorfer, 1912 Talaud
-
H. a. polymena (C. & R. Felder, [1867]) Aru
- Hypolimnas alimena polymena; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. forbesi Butler, 1883 Timor - Tanimbar
- Hypolimnas alimena forbesi; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. eremita Butler, 1883 West Irian - E.New Guinea
- Hypolimnas alimena eremita; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. curicta Fruhstorfer, 1912 Noemfoor I.
- Hypolimnas alimena curicta; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. libisonia Fruhstorfer, 1912 Papua
- Hypolimnas alimena libisonia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. bateia Fruhstorfer, 1915 Yule I., Yela I.
- Hypolimnas alimena bateia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. afra Fruhstorfer, 1903 Trobriand Is.
- Hypolimnas alimena afra; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. obsolescens Fruhstorfer, 1903 Fergusson I.
- Hypolimnas alimena obsolescens; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. lamina Fruhstorfer, 1903 Torres Strait Is., Cape York - Gympi
- Hypolimnas alimena lamina; [BAUR], 220
-
H. a. darwinensis Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914 Northern Territory
- Hypolimnas darwinensis Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914
- Hypolimnas alimena darwinensis; [BAUR], 220 (text)
- Hypolimnas darwinensis Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914;
-
H. a. manusi Rothschild, 1915 Admiralty Is.
- Hypolimnas alimena manusi Rothschild, 1915; Novit. Zool. 22 (2): 205; TL: Manus, Admiralty Islands
-
H. a. inexpectata (Salvin & Godman, 1877) Bismarck Archipelago
- Hypolimnas alimena inexpectata; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. salomonis Ribbe, 1898 Bougainville, Shortland Is., New Georgia Group
- Hypolimnas alimena salomonis; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. ysabela Fruhstorfer, 1912 Santa Isabel
- Hypolimnas alimena ysabela; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. fuliginescens (Mathew, 1887) Ugi I.
- Hypolimnas alimena fuliginescens; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. eremitana Strand, 1914
- Hypolimnas alimena eremitana; [NHM card]
-
H. a. catalai Viette, 1950 New Caledonia
- Hypolimnas alimena catalai Viette, 1950; Fn. Emp. franc. 13: 87
-
H. a. diffusa Howarth, 1962 Bellona I.
- Hypolimnas alimena diffusa; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. a. libateia Howarth, 1962 Rennell I.
- Hypolimnas alimena libateia; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
Hypolimnas antevorta (Distant, [1880])
NE.Tanzania (Usambara Mts.). See [maps]
-
Hypolimnas anthedon (Doubleday, 1845)
Tropical Africa (forests), Saõ Thomé. See [maps]
Variable Eggfly
- Diadema anthedon Doubleday, 1845; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (1) 16 (104): 181; TL: Africa
- Papilio dubius Palisot de Beauvois, 1805; Ins. Afr. Amer.: 238, pl. 6, f. 2a-b (preocc.)
- Diadema damoclina Trimen, 1869; Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 26: 505 nota; TL: Angola
- Panopea diffusa Butler, 1880; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 5 (28): 336
- = Hypolimnas dubius diffusa; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas dubia ab. cerberus Aurivillius, 1894; Ent. Tidskr. 15: 281
- Hypolimnas daemona Staudinger, 1896; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 9 (1): 211, pl. 2, f. 1; TL: Barombi-Station, Cameroons
- = Hypolimnas dubius daemona; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas daemona var. daemonides Staudinger, 1896; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 9 (1): 212; TL: W.Congo, Kuilu
- = Hypolimnas dubius daemonides; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas dubius ab. latepicta Bartel, 1905; Novit. Zool. 12: 135; TL: N.Cameroon
- = Hypolimnas dubius daemonides; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas dubius poensis Rothschild, 1918; Novit. Zool. 25: 344; TL: Banterberri, Fernando Po
- Hypolimnas dubius mayottensis Rothschild, 1918; Novit. Zool. 25: 344; TL: Comoro Is.
- Hypolimnas dubia dubia ab. unialba Hulstaert, 1923; Rev. Zool. Afr. 11: 209; TL: Kisala
- pseudodamoclina Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 101; TL: Kivu
- = Hypolimnas dubius pseudodamoclina; [NHM card]
- mariae Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 101; TL: Kivu
- Hypolimnas dubius; [EBW]
- Hypolimnas dubius dubius; [BAFR], 222
- Hypolimnas dubia; [BOW]: pl. 104, f. 2
- Hypolimnas anthedon; [BK]: 341, pl. 48, f. 591; [AfrL]
Larva on
Fleurya ,
Urera ,
Urtica ,
Berkheya [BK]
-
Hypolimnas anomala (Wallace, 1869)
Timor, Darwin. See [maps]
Crow Egg-fly
Malayan Egg-fly
Larva on
Pipturus arborescens [MRS],
Claoxylon ,
Pipturus ,
Pouzolzia ,
Villebrunea Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 212
-
H. a. anomala ?S.Thailand, Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Palawan, Philippines, Bali, Lombok, Enggano, Bawean
-
H. a. discandra Weymer, 1885 Nias
- Hypolimnas antilope discandra; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas anomala discandra; [BOR], 284
-
H. a. arnoldi Fruhstorfer, 1903 Kangean, Sumbawa, Flores
- Hypolimnas anomala arnoldi; [BOR], 284
-
H. a. interstincta (Butler, 1873) Borneo
- Hypolimnas anomala interstincta; [BOR], 284
-
H. a. wallaceana (Butler, 1873) Sulawesi
- Hypolimnas anomala wallaceana; [BOR], 284
-
H. a. euvaristos Fruhstorfer, 1912 Philippines (Mindanao, S.Is.)
- Hypolimnas anomala euvaristos; [BOR], 284
- Hypolimnas antilope euvaristos; [NHM card]
-
H. a. truentus Fruhstorfer, 1912 Philippines (Luzo, ?Babuyanes)
-
H. a. sumbawana Pagenstecher, 1898 Sumbawa
-
H. a. stellata (Fruhstorfer, 1912) Sulawesi, Buton, Kabaena, Bangai, Sula
-
Hypolimnas antilope (Cramer, [1777])
Malaya - Philippines, New Guinea, Australia. See [maps]
- Papilio antilope Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 132, pl. 183, f. E, F; TL: Amboina
- violaria Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 543; TL: Java
- pseudopithoeca Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 544; TL: Ceram
- circumscripta Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 543; TL: Java
- = Hypolimnas antilope circumscripta; [NHM card]
Larva on
Pipturus argenteus [BAUR],
Asystasia ,
Graptophyllum ,
Pseuderanthemum ,
Oreocnide ,
Pipturus Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343
-
H. a. antilope Ambon, Serang, Saparua, Sula, Maluku
-
H. a. albula (Wallace, 1869) Timor
-
H. a. lutescens (Butler, 1874) Fiji
-
H. a. mela Fruhstorfer, 1903 SE.New Guinea, Papua
- Hypolimnas antilope mela; [BAUR], 218
-
H. a. maglovius Fruhstorfer, 1912 Buru
- Hypolimnas antilope maglovius; [BAUR], 218 (text)
-
H. a. typhlis Fruhstorfer, 1912 ?Key I.
-
H. a. quinctinus Fruhstorfer, 1912 Obi, Bachan, Halmahera
- Hypolimnas antilope quinctinus; [BAUR], 218 (text)
-
H. a. sila Fruhstorfer, 1912 Ceram
-
H. a. shortlandica Ribbe, 1898 Solomons (Shortland I.)
-
H. a. wagneri Clark, 1946 Admiralty I.
- Hypolimnas antilope wagneri; [BAUR], 219 (text)
-
H. a. scopas (Godman & Salvin, 1888) Solomons (Malaita)
- Hypolimnas antilope scopas; [BAUR], 219 (text)
-
H. a. albomela Howarth, 1962 Solomons (Rennell I.)
- Hypolimnas antilope albomela; [BAUR], 219
-
H. a. phalkes Fruhstorfer, 1908² Talaud Is., Sangihe
-
Hypolimnas aubergeri Hecq, 1987
- Hypolimnas aubergeri; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas bartelotti Grose-Smith, 1890
Cameroun, Zaire, W.Uganda. See [maps]
- Hypolimnas bartteloti[sic, bartelotti]; Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1891, Rhop. Exot. [2] 1: (Hypolimnas) 1, pl. 1, f. 1-2; [BAFR], 218
- Hypolimnas bartelotti; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas bolina (Linnaeus, 1758)
India, Ceylon, Burma, AU, S.Arabia, Madagascar. See [maps]
Common Eggfly
Varied Egg-fly
Great Eggfly
- Papilio bolina Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 479; TL: "India" [? Canton, China]
- Papilio melita Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 28, f. D, E
- Papilio antigone Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 67, f. C
- Papilio alcithoe Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 80, f. A, B
- Papilio auge Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): pl. 190, f. A, B
- Papilio manilia Cramer, [1780]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (22): pl. 255, f. A, B
- Papilio eriphile Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (32-32): pl. 376, f. A, B
- Papilio avia Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 111
- liria Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 126
- Diadema auge var. otaheitae Felder, 1862; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 12 (1/2): 492; TL: Marquesas I.
- = Hypolimnas bolina otaheitae; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas charybdis Butler, 1879; Cistula ent. 2 (21): 432; TL: Bombay
- Hypolimnas bolina ab. decorata Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 306
- Hypolimnas bolina antiopa ab. euryanthe Fruhstorfer, 1903; Berl. ent. Zs. 48 (1/2): 83; TL: Java
- viriliformis Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- victrix Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- subucula Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- subviolacea Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- ornamentalis Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- = Hypolimnas bolina ornamentalis; [NHM card]
- luctuosa Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- joloana Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- = Hypolimnas bolina joloana; [NHM card]
- cyanecula Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 549
- = Hypolimnas bolina cyanecula; [NHM card]
- chrysonicans Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 550
- = Hypolimnas bolina chrysonicans; [NHM card]
- micromalayana Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 551
- = Hypolimnas bolina micromalayana; [NHM card]
- discalis Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 551
- = Hypolimnas bolina discalis; [NHM card]
- astra Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 551
- = Hypolimnas bolina astra; [NHM card]
- palauensis Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 552
- = Hypolimnas bolina palauensis; [NHM card]
- ivena Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 552
- pelva Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 553
- = Hypolimnas bolina pelva; [NHM card]
- maeza Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 553
- elliciana Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 553
- = Hypolimnas bolina elliciana; [NHM card]
- crexa Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 553
- ?Hypolimnus[sic] bolina var. angaurensis Matsumura, 1915; Ent. Mag. Kyoto 1 (2): 93, 95; TL: Angaur
- Hypolimnas parva Aurivillius, 1920; Ark. Zool. 13 (2): 6; TL: Australia
- = Hypolimnas bolina parva; [NHM card]
- euphonoides Poulton, 1924; Trans. Ent. Soc. 1923: 643
- = Hypolimnas bolina euphonoides; [NHM card]
- euploeoides Poulton, 1924; Trans. Ent. Soc. 1923: 646, pl. 45, f. 3; TL: Kandavu, Fiji
- Hypolimnas bolina ab. inornata Matsumura, 1927; Ins. Matsumurana 2 (2): 116, pl. 3, f. 8; TL: Formosa
- Hypolimnas bolina ab. shirinna Sonan, 1929; Zephyrus 1 (4): 135; TL: Formosa
- Hypolimnas bolina ab. rufanalis Sonan, 1929; Zephyrus 1 (4): 135; TL: Formosa
- Hypolimnas bolina ab. yokoojii Nomura, 1937; Zephyrus 7 (2/3): 140
- alcithoides Roepke, 1938; Rhopalocera Javanica 3: 281; TL: Java
- Hypolimnas bolina ab. futoobi Ushoda, 1938; Ent. World Tokyo 6: 156; TL: Japan
-
- Papilio bolina; Linnaeus, 1764, Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 295
- Hypolimnas bolina kezia ab. yokoojii; Murayama & Shimonoya, 1963, Tyô to Ga 13 (3): 53, f. 13, 16
- Apatura bolina; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (2): 58, pl. 30, f. 1, 1b
- Hypolimnas bolina; Wood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1881, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 49 Pt.II (4): 228; Fruhstorfer, 1910, Ent. Zs. 24 (28): 155, f. 9-10; [BIR], 201; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 304; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 145, f. 14, pl. 146, f. 1; [BOR], 284; [BAFR], 214; [MRS], 567; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.:; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 213; [AfrL]
951x624 (~60Kb) ♀ Paya, Tioman, Malaysia, 12-96, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt
|
951x624 (~52Kb) ♂ Paya, Tioman, Malaysia, 12-96, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt
|
identification uncertain 1024x768 (~174Kb) ♀ underside Butterfly House (Vienna, Austria, 16 June 2000), Photo © Erich Mangl
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769x513 (~94Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko
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748x591 (~76Kb) ♀ Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien Beach, Natural Park Resort. 25th January 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
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876x1134 (~163Kb) ♀ Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien Beach, Natural Park Resort. 25th January 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
|
740x534 (~67Kb) ♀ Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien Beach, Natural Park Resort. 25th January 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
|
1044x1110 (~149Kb) ♂ Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikaew beach, a side of a road through shrubbery along coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
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876x915 (~119Kb) ♂ underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya environs, Ko Lan island, ruderal vegeation at a roadside. 15th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
|
796x808 (~181Kb) ♂ Thailand, Phuket, a bank of a pond at a road 1 km NE of Khao Sai Tan Kliang Mt., 18th February 2009, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
|
1024x998 (~311Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, SE suburbs of Koh Kong, trees at a pond, 21st July 2016, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
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Larva on
Portulaca ,
Pseuderanthemum [BOW],
Portulaca oleracea,
Pseuderanthemum ,
Fleurya interrupta,
Elatostema cuneatum,
Alternanthera sessilis,
Ipomoea batatas [MRS],
Polygonum prostratum,
Portulaca sp.,
Alternanthera denticulata,
Sida rhombifolia,
Richardia brasiliensis,
Asystasia gangetica,
A. scandens,
Dipteracanthus spp.,
Pseuderanthemum variabile,
Ruellia spp.,
Synedrella nodiflora Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.,
Asystasia ,
Diptercanthus ,
Justicia ,
Pseuderanthemum ,
Rostellularia ,
Ruelia ,
Systasia ,
Alternanthera ,
Eclipta ,
Synedrella ,
Commelina ,
Ipomoea ,
Merremia ,
Desmodium ,
Phaseolus ,
Vigna ,
Perilla ,
Abutiliion ,
Malvastrum ,
Sida ,
Ficus ,
Polygonum ,
Persicaria ,
Portulaca ,
Richardia ,
Triumfetta ,
Boehmeria ,
Elatostema ,
Fleurya ,
Laportea ,
Pipturus ,
Urtica Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 213
-
H. b. bolina Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Is., W.Borneo, Sulawesi, Salayar, Kabaena, Galla, Banggai, Sula, Maluku, New Guinea, Solomon Is., Australia, New Caledonia
Great Egg-fly
- Papilio alcmene Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 67, f. A
- Papilo perimele Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 65, f. C, D, pl. 67, f. B
- Hypolimnas bolina antiopa ab. aphrodite Fruhstorfer, 1903; Berl. ent. Zs. 48 (1/2): 83; TL: W.Java
- celebensis Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 551; TL: Celebes
- Diadema perimele; C. & R. Felder, 1860, Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (4): 107
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina; [BMP]
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina f. alcmene; [BMP]: 164, pl. 24, f. 13
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina f. perimele; [BMP]
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina f. aphrodite; [BMP]
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina; [BMP]: 164, pl. 24, f. 10; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 213
978x1026 (~252Kb) ♀ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, 22.5 km of ENE Koh Kong, 'Nepenthes' forest brook. 29th November 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
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1059x1215 (~314Kb) ♀ Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, 22.5 km of ENE Koh Kong, 'Nepenthes' forest brook. 29th November 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
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1166x1157 (~380Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Kep Province, Kep, Kep National Park, 'Platystylus brook' below the pond. 6th December 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
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Larva on
Ipomaea battatas [BMP]
-
H. b. nerina (Fabricius, 1775) Timor - Kai, Aru, Waigeu, West Irian - Papua, N.Australia - E.Victoria, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Is., New Zealand
- Papilio antiopa Müller, 1774; Natursystem 5 (1): 609, pl. 19, f. 5; TL: Java
- Papilio nerina Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 509
- = Hypolimnas bolina antiopa; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas pseudomisippus Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 552 (?New Guinea, f. form)
- Papilio iphigenia Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 105, pl. 67, f. D, E
- Papilio proserpina Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): pl. 218, f. C, D
- = Hypolimnas bolina antiopa; [NHM card]
- imperialis Illidge, 1924; Queensl. Nat. 4: 36
- = Hypolimnas bolina antiopa; [NHM card]
- formosa Illidge, 1924; Queensl. Nat. 4: 36; TL: Queensland
- = Hypolimnas bolina antiopa; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina f. nerina; [BMP]: 164, pl. 24, f. 11
- Hypolimnas bolina bolina f. proserpina; [BMP]
- Hypolimnas bolina antiopa; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas bolina nerina; [BAUR], 220
-
H. b. rarik (Eschscholtz, 1821) Lifu
- Hypolimnas bolina rarik; [NHM card]
-
H. b. kraimoku (Eschscholtz, 1821) Lifu
- Hypolimnas bolina kraimoku; [NHM card]
-
H. b. inconstans Butler, 1873 Navigator Is.
-
H. b. philippensis (Butler, 1874) Philippines
-
H. b. constans (Butler, 1875) Tasmania?
- Hypolimnas bolina constans; [NHM card]
-
H. b. kezia (Butler, 1877) Formosa
- Hypolimnas bolina kezia; [MRS], 567
Larva on
Ipomoea aquatica,
I. batatas,
Synedrella nodiflora,
Sida rhombifolia,
Ficus microcarpa [MRS]
-
H. b. labuana Butler, 1879 Labuan
-
H. b. incommoda Butler, 1879
- ?Hypolimnas bolina jacintha f. incommoda; [BMP]
- ?Hypolimnas bolina bolina f. iris; [BMP]
- Hypolimnas bolina incommoda; [NHM card]
-
H. b. naresii Butler, 1883 Fiji
-
H. b. holdeni Butler, 1884 Caroline I.
- Hypolimnas bolina holdeni; [NHM card]
-
H. b. listeri Butler, 1888 Christmas I.
-
H. b. jaluita Fruhstorfer, 1903
-
H. b. enganica Fruhstorfer, 1904 Engano I.
-
H. b. montrouzieri (Butler, 1874) Woodlark, Fergusson, Trobriand Is.
- Hypolimnas bolina montrouzieri; [BAUR], 220
-
H. b. pulchra (Butler, 1874) New Caledonia
- Hypolimnas bolina pulchra; [BAUR], 220 (text)
-
H. b. pallescens (Butler, 1874) Fiji
-
H. b. lisianassa (Cramer, 1779) Moluccas
- Hypolimnas bolina lisianassa; [BAUR], 222
-
H. b. jacintha (Drury, 1773)
Larva on
Acanthaceae ,
Colvolvulaceae ,
Malvaceae ,
Urticaceae [BK]
-
H. b. gigas (Oberthür, 1879) Sangihe
-
Hypolimnas chapmani (Hewitson, 1873)
Nigeria, Cameroun. See [maps]
- Hypolimnas chapmani f. fasciata; [BAFR], 218, fig.
- Hypolimnas chapmanni[sic]; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas chapmani; [EBW], (name only); [BAFR], 218; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas deceptor (Trimen, 1873)
-. See [maps]
Larva on
Fleurya capensis,
F. mitis [PBSA]
-
H. d. deceptor coastal forests (Natal - S.Somalia)
Deceptive Eggfly
- Hypolimnas deceptor deceptor; [BAFR], 220; [BK]: 340, pl. 47, f. 590; [AfrL]
Larva on
Laportea [BK]
-
H. d. deludens Grose-Smith, 1891 Madagascar
- Hypolimnas deludens; Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1898, Rhop. Exot. [2] 3: (Hypolimnas) 6, pl. 3, f. 4-5
- Hypolimnas deceptor deludens; [BAFR], 220; [MadL]; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas deois (Hewitson, 1858)
New Guinea, Moluccas. See [maps]
-
H. d. deois Aru, Waigeu?
- Hypolimnas deois deois; [BAUR], 222 (text)
-
H. d. divina Fruhstorfer, 1903 Papua
-
H. d. tydea (C. & R. Felder, [1867]) Bachan, Halmahera, Ternate, Morotai?
- Hypolimnas deois tydea; [BAUR], 222 (text)
-
H. d. obianus Fruhstorfer, 1912 Obi
- Hypolimnas deois obianus; [BAUR], 222 (text)
-
H. d. hewitsoni (Wallace, 1869) Kai I.
- Hypolimnas deois hewitsoni; [BAUR], 222 (text)
-
H. d. panopion Grose-Smith, 1894 West Irian - N.New Guinea
- Hypolimnas panopion; [BOW]: pl. 146, f. 8
- Hypolimnas deois panopion; [BAUR], 222 (text)
-
H. d. waigeuensis Joicey & Talbot, 1917 Waigeu
-
H. d. mysolensis Talbot, 1932 Mysol
-
H. d. otakwensis Talbot, 1932 New Guinea
-
H. d. albosignata Talbot, 1932 Rossel I.
-
H. d. denticulata Talbot, 1932 Karkar I.
- Hypolimnas deois denticulata; [BAUR], 222
-
H. d. palladius Grose-Smith, 1897 Fergusson I.
- Hypolimnas palladius; Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1897, Rhop. Exot. [2] 3: (Hypolimnas) 4, pl. 2, f. 4-6
- Hypolimnas deois palladius; [BAUR], 222
-
H. d. paleutes Grose-Smith, 1897 Trobriand Is.
- Hypolimnas paleutes; Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1897, Rhop. Exot. [2] 3: (Hypolimnas) 3, [2] 3: pl. 3, f. 1-3
- Hypolimnas deois paleutes; [BAUR], 223 (text)
-
H. d. woodlarkiana Talbot, 1932 Woodlark I.
- Hypolimnas deois woodlarkiana; [BAUR], 223 (text)
-
Hypolimnas exiguus Samson, 1980
Solomon Is.. See [maps]
- Hypolimnas exiguus Samson, 1980; Tyô to Ga 30 (3,4): 225, f. 7; TL: Mapwe (200ft), Santa Ana
-
Hypolimnas dexithea (Hewitson, 1863)
Madagascar. See [maps]
-
Hypolimnas dinarcha (Hewitson, 1865)
-. See [maps]
Larva on
Fleurya [BK]
-
H. d. dinarcha Nigeria, Cameroun, Gabon, Zaire, C.A.R.
-
H. d. liberiensis Bernardi, 1959 Sierra Leone - Ghana
- Hypolimnas dinarcha liberiensis f. narchadi; [BAFR], 221, fig.
- Hypolimnas dinarcha liberiensis; [BAFR], 220
-
H. d. grandis Rothschild, 1918 Uganda
-
Hypolimnas diomea (Hewitson, 1861)
Celebes. See [maps]
Larva on
Elatostema lineolatum Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343
-
H. d. diomea Sulawesi, Buton
-
H. d. fraterna (Wallace, 1869) S.Sulawesi
- Hypolimnas fraterna; [BOW]: pl. 146, f. 5 (text only)
- Hypolimnas diomea fraterna; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 212
-
H. d. sororia Hall, 1930 Sangihe
-
H. d. serica Tsukada, 1985² Kabaena
-
Hypolimnas dimona Fruhstorfer, 1912 Sula Is.
-
Hypolimnas euploeoides Rothschild, 1915 Admiralty I.
- Hypolimnas euploeoides Rothschild, 1915; Novit. Zool. 22 (2): 205; TL: Manus, Admiralty Islands
-
Hypolimnas macarthuri Neidhoefer, 1972
- Hypolimnas macarthuri; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas mechowi (Dewitz, 1884)
Zaire, Cameroun. See [maps]
- Hypolimnas stanleyi; Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1891, Rhop. Exot. [2] 1: (Hypolimnas) 2, pl. 1, f. 3-4, [3]:(Additions-Corrections) 1
- Hypolimnas mechowi; [BOW]: pl. 104, f. 4; [BAFR], 218; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus, 1764)
S.America (north), Florida, Caribbean, Africa, Australasia, India, Ceylon, Burma. See [maps]
Mimic
Danaid Eggfly
Diadem
- Papilio misippus Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 264; TL: "America" [?Java]
- Papilio diocippus Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 28, f. B, C; TL: "Batavia"
- Papilio inaria Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): pl. 214, f. A; TL: B;"Amboina,Java"
- Euploea dioxippe Hübner, 1816; (repl. name); TL: "Batavia"
- Danais misippe Godart, 1819; (repl. name); TL: America
- Hypolimnas alcippoides Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 12 (68): 102; TL: Victoria Nyanza
- Hypolimnas misippus ab. dorippoides Aurivillius, 1898; K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 31 (5): 148
- picta Fruhstorfer, 1912; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 547
- pallens Nire, 1917; Dobutsugaku Zasshi 29: (145-148)
- immima Bernardi, 1959; Bull. I.F.A.N. (A) 21: 1023
- horina Tanaka, 1941; Zephyrus 9 (1): 4; TL: Formosa
- Hypolimnas misippus ab. luculentus Murayama & Shimonoya, 1966; Tyô to Ga 15 (3/4): 61, f. 36; TL: Urai, Formosa
- ?bolina Drury, 1773
- Hypolimnas misippus; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 146, f. 3-4
- Apatura misippus; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (2): 59, pl. 29, f. 1a-c; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 17
- Hypolimnas misippus; Butler, 1900, Mon. Christmas Isl.: 62; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 106; [BIR], 202; [NACL], #4439; [NAB], 629; [BAFR], 214; [BK]: 339, pl. 47, f. 588; [BCR]: 181, pl. 28; [Opler]; [NL4A], #2051; [MadL]; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.:; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 213; [AfrL]; [Otakar Kudrna]
- Hypolimnas missipus[sic?]; [BOR], 284; [MRS], 566; [BAUR], 222
- Hypolimnas misippus misippus; [BMP]: 165, pl. 24, f. 8-9
951x624 (~55Kb) ♀ EXPO Park Motobu, Okinawa, Ryukyus, Japan, 8-93, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt
|
1224x918 (~210Kb) ♂ upperside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya environs, Ko Lan island, ruderal vegeation at a roadside. 15th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
|
600x400 (~41Kb) ♂ underside India: Melghat, 5.10.2008, Photo © Kedar Tokekar
|
Larva on
Portulaca oleracea [BIR],
Malvaceae ,
Portulacaceae ,
Ficus [NAB],
Asystasia ,
Justicia ,
Blepharis ,
Ruellia ,
Pseuderantheum [BK],
Convolvulaceae [BCR],
Portulaca oleracea,
Asystasia gangetica,
Pseuderanthemum variabile Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.,
Asystasia ,
Barlesia ,
Blepharis ,
Justicia ,
Pseuderanthemum ,
Ruellia ,
Amaranthus ,
Eleais ,
Batatas ,
Abelmoschus ,
Abutilon ,
Gossypium ,
Hibiscus ,
Ficus ?,
Plantago ,
Portulaca ,
Talinum ,
Elatostema Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 214,
(as missipus) Portulaca ,
P. okracea,
Abutilon ,
Hibiscus ,
Plantago asiatica,
P. major [MRS]
-
Hypolimnas monteironis (Druce, 1874)
E.Nigeria - Tanzania, W.Kenya. See [maps]
- monteironis; [EBW], (name only)
- ?montieronis; (missp.?)
- Hypolimnas monteironis; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas arakalulk Semper, 1906
-
H. a. arakalulk Carolines
-
H. a. marianensis Fruhstorfer, 1912 Marianas (Saipan, Guam)
- Hypolimnas octocula marianensis; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas arakalulk marianensis; Samson, 1986, Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 16 (note), 36
-
Hypolimnas octocula (Butler, 1869) New Hebrides, Marianas
-
H. o. octocula New Hebrides, Fiji, Tonga, N.Vanuatu
Larva on
Cypholophus macrocephalus,
Pipturus argenteus,
Portulaca oleracea Samson, 1986, Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 21,23
-
H. o. perryi (Butler, [1876]) Vanuatu
- Hypolimnas pallas; Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1898, Rhop. Exot. [2] 3: (Hypolimnas) 5, pl. 3, f. 1-2
- Hypolimnas octocula pallas; [BAUR], 224 (text)
- Hypolimnas octocula perryi; Samson, 1986, Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 16 (note), 23
-
H. o. elsina (Butler, 1877) New Caledonia, Loyalty Is.
- Hypolimnas octocula elsina f. elsina; Samson, 1986, Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 29
- Hypolimnas octocula elsina f. lifuana; Samson, 1986, Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 16, 30
- Hypolimnas octocula elsina; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 303; [BAUR], 224 (text); Samson, 1986, Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 16, 29
-
H. o. samoa Samson, 1986 Samoa
-
H. o. futunaensis Samson, 1986 New Hebrides (Futuna)
- Hypolimnas octocula futunaensis Samson, 1986; Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 16, 25; TL: S.New Hebrides, Futuna
-
H. o. tanna Samson, 1986 New Hebrides (Tanna)
- Hypolimnas octocula tanna Samson, 1986; Tyô to Ga 37 (1): 16, 27; TL: S.New Hebrides, Tanna Is.
-
Hypolimnas errabunda Hopkins, 1927 Samoa
-
Hypolimnas pandarus (Linnaeus, 1758) Moluccas
Misidentified/misapplied:
-
H. p. pandarus Ambon, Serang, Saparua
- Hypolimnas pandarus pandarus; [BAUR], 224
-
H. p. pandora (Wallace, 1869) Buru
- Hypolimnas pandarus pandora; [BAUR], 224
-
H. p. hewitsoni Wallace, 1869 Kai I.
- Hypolimnas deois hewitsoni; [NHM card]
- Hypolimnas pandarus hewitsoni; [BAUR], 224
-
Hypolimnas pithoeka Kirsch, 1877
-. See [maps]
-
H. p. pithoeka West Irian - Papua
- Hypolimnas pithoeka pithoeka; [BAUR], 219
-
H. p. dampierensis Rothschild, 1915 Dampier I.
- Hypolimnas pithoeka dampierensis Rothschild, 1915; Novit. Zool. 22 (2): 204; TL: Dampier Island
-
H. p. vulcanica Rothschild, 1915 Manam I.
- Hypolimnas pithoeka vulcanica Rothschild, 1915; Novit. Zool. 22 (2): 205; TL: Vulcan Island
- Hypolimnas pithoeka vulcanica; [BAUR], 219
-
H. p. fumosus Joicey & Noakes, 1915 Biak
- Hypolimnas pithoeka fumosus; [BAUR], 219 (text)
-
H. p. bradleyi Howarth, 1962 Rennell I.
- Hypolimnas pithoeka bradleyi; [BAUR], 219 (text)
-
H. p. ferruginea Howarth, 1962 Bellona I.
- Hypolimnas pithoeka ferruginea; [BAUR], 219 (text)
-
H. p. gretheri Clark, 1946 Admiralty Is.
- Hypolimnas pithoeka gretheri; [BAUR], 219 (text)
-
H. p. salomona D'Abrera, 1977 Gudalcanal
- Hypolimnas pithoeka salomona D'Abrera, 1977; Butts. Aust. Region: 219; TL: Mt. Gallego, Guadalcanal
-
Hypolimnas salmacis (Drury, 1773)
-. See [maps]
- Papilio salmacis Drury, 1773; Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2: pl. 8, f. 1-2
- Papilio omphale Stoll, [1790]; Aanhangsel Werk, Uitl. Kapellen (2-5): pl. 26, f. 1, 1a
- Hypolimnas salmacis cissalma Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17 (1): 110; TL: Camerun
- Hypolimnas salmacis ♀ f. ochreata Joicey & Talbot, 1921; Bull. Hill Mus. 1 (1): 56
- transiens Dufrane, 1953; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 89: 44; TL: Ivory Coast
- interrupta Dufrane, 1953; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 89: 44; TL: Belgian Congo
- Hypolimnas salmacis; [BOW]: pl. 104, f. 5; [AfrL]
-
Hypolimnas saundersii (Wallace, 1869)
Timor. See [maps]
-
H. s. saundersii Timor
- Hypolimnas saundersii saundersii; [BAUR], 224
-
H. s. junia Fruhstorfer, 1903 Wetar
- Hypolimnas saundersii junia; [BAUR], 224 (text)
-
Hypolimnas usambara (Ward, 1872)
E.Kenya (coastal), E.Tanzania (coastal). See [maps]
Usambara Diadem
Red Spot Diadem
Larva on
Fleurya ,
Urera [BK]
-
Hypolimnas inopinata Waterhouse, 1920 Fiji
-
Hypolimnas aurifascia Mengel, 1903 New Hebrides
If you have corrections, comments or
information to add into these pages, just send mail to
Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.